Clinical Chemistry

Clinical chemistry is a branch of laboratory medicine that involves the analysis of bodily fluids, primarily blood serum and plasma, to diagnose, monitor, and manage disease. By applying chemical and biochemical methods, clinical chemists measure the concentrations of various substances, such as glucose, electrolytes, enzymes, hormones, lipids, and proteins, to assess organ function and detect pathological conditions. This quantitative data provides physicians with critical information for patient care, making it an essential link between the science of chemistry and the practice of medicine.

1. Introduction to Clinical Chemistry
   1. Definition and Scope
      1. Definition of Clinical Chemistry
      2. Scope of Clinical Chemistry in Healthcare
      3. Subspecialties within Clinical Chemistry
      4. Relationship to Other Laboratory Disciplines
   2. Role in Medicine and Patient Care
      1. Diagnostic Applications
      2. Monitoring Disease Progression
      3. Guiding Therapy and Treatment Decisions
      4. Screening and Preventive Medicine
      5. Prognosis Assessment
   3. Historical Milestones
      1. Early Developments in Clinical Chemistry
      2. Key Discoveries and Innovations
      3. Evolution of Laboratory Technology
      4. Modern Advances and Future Directions