Organizational Behavior

Organizational Behavior (OB) is an interdisciplinary field dedicated to understanding, predicting, and influencing human behavior within organizational settings. Drawing heavily from psychology, sociology, and anthropology, it examines behavior on three distinct levels: the individual (exploring topics like motivation, personality, and decision-making), the group (analyzing teamwork, leadership, and communication), and the organization as a whole (investigating culture, structure, and change). The ultimate goal of OB is to apply this knowledge to improve organizational effectiveness, enhance employee performance and job satisfaction, and foster a healthier and more productive work environment.

1. Introduction to Organizational Behavior
   1. Defining Organizational Behavior
      1. Nature and Scope of Organizational Behavior
      2. Key Concepts in OB
      3. Systematic Study of Behavior
   2. Goals of Organizational Behavior
      1. Understanding Behavior in Organizations
      2. Predicting Organizational Outcomes
      3. Influencing and Improving Organizational Effectiveness
   3. Historical Evolution of OB
      1. Early Management Thought
         1. Scientific Management
         2. Administrative Theory
      2. Human Relations Movement
         1. Hawthorne Studies
         2. Emphasis on Human Needs
      3. Behavioral Science Approach
      4. Contingency Approach
      5. Systems Theory in OB
      6. Contemporary Developments in OB
   4. Interdisciplinary Foundations
      1. Contributions from Psychology
         1. Individual Behavior and Cognition
         2. Learning and Motivation
      2. Contributions from Sociology
         1. Group Dynamics
         2. Social Systems
      3. Contributions from Social Psychology
         1. Attitude Formation and Change
         2. Group Processes
      4. Contributions from Anthropology
         1. Cultural Analysis
         2. Comparative Studies
      5. Contributions from Political Science
         1. Power and Authority
         2. Conflict Resolution
   5. Levels of Analysis in OB
      1. Individual Level Analysis
      2. Group Level Analysis
      3. Organizational Level Analysis
   6. Research Methods in OB
      1. Evidence-Based Management
      2. Research Designs
         1. Surveys and Questionnaires
         2. Field Studies
         3. Laboratory Experiments
         4. Case Studies
         5. Meta-Analysis
      3. Data Collection Techniques
      4. Ethical Considerations in OB Research