Oncogenes and Cancer
Oncogenes are mutated versions of normal genes, known as proto-oncogenes, which are essential for regulating cell growth, division, and survival. In their healthy state, proto-oncogenes function like a car's accelerator, promoting cell proliferation only when needed. However, when a mutation transforms a proto-oncogene into an oncogene, it becomes hyperactive, analogous to an accelerator that is permanently stuck down. This leads to uncontrolled and continuous cell division, a fundamental characteristic of cancer, which drives the formation and progression of tumors.
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2. Normal Cell Cycle Regulation