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Biology
Genetics and Genomics
Oncogenes and Cancer
1. Introduction to Cancer Biology
2. Normal Cell Cycle Regulation
3. Apoptosis and Cell Death Mechanisms
4. Proto-Oncogenes: Normal Cellular Functions
5. Oncogene Activation Mechanisms
6. Major Oncogene Families
7. Tumor Suppressor Genes
8. Viral Oncogenes and Cancer
9. Multi-Step Carcinogenesis
10. Oncogene Discovery and Research Methods
11. Therapeutic Targeting of Oncogenes
12. Clinical Applications and Future Directions
6.
Major Oncogene Families
6.1.
Growth Factor Receptor Oncogenes
6.1.1.
EGFR Family
6.1.1.1.
EGFR Structure and Function
6.1.1.2.
EGFR Mutations in Cancer
6.1.1.3.
HER2/neu Amplification
6.1.1.4.
HER3 and HER4 Roles
6.1.2.
Other Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
6.1.2.1.
KIT Receptor
6.1.2.2.
RET Receptor
6.1.2.3.
MET Receptor
6.1.2.4.
ALK Receptor
6.2.
Intracellular Signaling Oncogenes
6.2.1.
Ras Family
6.2.1.1.
KRAS Mutations
6.2.1.2.
HRAS Mutations
6.2.1.3.
NRAS Mutations
6.2.1.4.
Ras Signaling Pathways
6.2.2.
Raf Family
6.2.2.1.
BRAF Mutations
6.2.2.2.
CRAF Functions
6.2.3.
PI3K/AKT Pathway
6.2.3.1.
PI3K Mutations
6.2.3.2.
AKT Activation
6.2.3.3.
mTOR Signaling
6.2.4.
ABL Tyrosine Kinase
6.2.4.1.
BCR-ABL Fusion
6.2.4.2.
Philadelphia Chromosome
6.2.4.3.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
6.3.
Transcription Factor Oncogenes
6.3.1.
MYC Family
6.3.1.1.
c-MYC Functions
6.3.1.2.
N-MYC in Neuroblastoma
6.3.1.3.
L-MYC Roles
6.3.2.
AP-1 Components
6.3.2.1.
FOS Proteins
6.3.2.2.
JUN Proteins
6.3.3.
Other Transcription Factors
6.3.3.1.
E2F Family
6.3.3.2.
NF-κB
6.4.
Cell Cycle Regulatory Oncogenes
6.4.1.
Cyclin Oncogenes
6.4.1.1.
Cyclin D Overexpression
6.4.1.2.
Cyclin E Amplification
6.4.2.
CDK Oncogenes
6.4.2.1.
CDK4 Amplification
6.4.2.2.
CDK6 Overexpression
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5. Oncogene Activation Mechanisms
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7. Tumor Suppressor Genes