Oncogenes and Cancer

  1. Apoptosis and Cell Death Mechanisms
    1. Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
      1. Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Permeabilization
        1. Bcl-2 Family Proteins
          1. Pro-apoptotic Members
            1. Anti-apoptotic Members
            2. Cytochrome c Release
              1. Apoptosome Formation
                1. Caspase-9 Activation
                2. Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
                  1. Death Receptor Signaling
                    1. Fas Receptor
                      1. TNF Receptor
                        1. TRAIL Receptors
                        2. Death-Inducing Signaling Complex
                          1. Caspase-8 Activation
                            1. Cross-talk with Intrinsic Pathway
                            2. Execution Phase
                              1. Effector Caspases
                                1. Caspase-3
                                  1. Caspase-6
                                    1. Caspase-7
                                    2. DNA Fragmentation
                                      1. Membrane Blebbing
                                        1. Cell Dismantling
                                        2. Alternative Cell Death Pathways
                                          1. Autophagy
                                            1. Necroptosis
                                              1. Pyroptosis

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                                            2. Normal Cell Cycle Regulation

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                                            4. Proto-Oncogenes: Normal Cellular Functions