Human Anatomy

  1. The Integumentary System
    1. Overview and Functions of the Integumentary System
      1. Protection
        1. Physical Protection
          1. Chemical Protection
            1. Biological Protection
            2. Sensation
              1. Touch Receptors
                1. Temperature Receptors
                  1. Pain Receptors
                  2. Thermoregulation
                    1. Heat Production
                      1. Heat Loss
                        1. Vasodilation and Vasoconstriction
                        2. Excretion
                          1. Sweat Production
                            1. Waste Elimination
                            2. Vitamin D Synthesis
                              1. UV Light Conversion
                                1. Calcium Metabolism
                              2. The Skin (Cutaneous Membrane)
                                1. Epidermis
                                  1. Layers of the Epidermis
                                    1. Stratum Basale
                                      1. Structure
                                        1. Cell Division
                                          1. Melanocytes
                                          2. Stratum Spinosum
                                            1. Structure
                                              1. Desmosomes
                                                1. Langerhans Cells
                                                2. Stratum Granulosum
                                                  1. Structure
                                                    1. Keratohyalin Granules
                                                      1. Cell Death
                                                      2. Stratum Lucidum
                                                        1. Thick Skin Only
                                                          1. Structure
                                                          2. Stratum Corneum
                                                            1. Dead Cells
                                                              1. Keratin
                                                                1. Barrier Function
                                                              2. Cells of the Epidermis
                                                                1. Keratinocytes
                                                                  1. Structure
                                                                    1. Function
                                                                      1. Life Cycle
                                                                      2. Melanocytes
                                                                        1. Structure
                                                                          1. Melanin Production
                                                                            1. Distribution
                                                                            2. Langerhans Cells
                                                                              1. Structure
                                                                                1. Immune Function
                                                                                2. Merkel Cells
                                                                                  1. Structure
                                                                                    1. Sensory Function
                                                                                3. Dermis
                                                                                  1. Papillary Layer
                                                                                    1. Structure
                                                                                      1. Dermal Papillae
                                                                                        1. Fingerprints
                                                                                          1. Blood Supply
                                                                                          2. Capillaries and Nerve Endings
                                                                                            1. Sensory Receptors
                                                                                              1. Blood Vessels
                                                                                            2. Reticular Layer
                                                                                              1. Structure
                                                                                                1. Collagen and Elastic Fibers
                                                                                                  1. Strength
                                                                                                    1. Elasticity
                                                                                                    2. Blood Vessels and Nerves
                                                                                                      1. Vascular Supply
                                                                                                        1. Innervation
                                                                                                    3. Hypodermis (Subcutaneous Layer)
                                                                                                      1. Structure and Function
                                                                                                        1. Loose Connective Tissue
                                                                                                          1. Insulation
                                                                                                            1. Shock Absorption
                                                                                                            2. Adipose Tissue
                                                                                                              1. Fat Storage
                                                                                                                1. Energy Reserve
                                                                                                            3. Accessory Structures of the Skin
                                                                                                              1. Hair and Hair Follicles
                                                                                                                1. Structure of Hair
                                                                                                                  1. Hair Shaft
                                                                                                                    1. Hair Root
                                                                                                                      1. Hair Bulb
                                                                                                                      2. Hair Follicle Structure
                                                                                                                        1. External Root Sheath
                                                                                                                          1. Internal Root Sheath
                                                                                                                            1. Dermal Papilla
                                                                                                                            2. Hair Growth Cycle
                                                                                                                              1. Anagen Phase
                                                                                                                                1. Catagen Phase
                                                                                                                                  1. Telogen Phase
                                                                                                                                  2. Functions of Hair
                                                                                                                                    1. Protection
                                                                                                                                      1. Insulation
                                                                                                                                        1. Sensory Function
                                                                                                                                      2. Nails
                                                                                                                                        1. Structure of the Nail
                                                                                                                                          1. Nail Plate
                                                                                                                                            1. Nail Bed
                                                                                                                                              1. Nail Root
                                                                                                                                                1. Cuticle
                                                                                                                                                  1. Lunula
                                                                                                                                                  2. Growth and Function
                                                                                                                                                    1. Nail Growth Rate
                                                                                                                                                      1. Protection Function
                                                                                                                                                    2. Glands
                                                                                                                                                      1. Sebaceous (Oil) Glands
                                                                                                                                                        1. Structure and Function
                                                                                                                                                          1. Holocrine Secretion
                                                                                                                                                            1. Associated with Hair Follicles
                                                                                                                                                            2. Sebum Production
                                                                                                                                                              1. Composition
                                                                                                                                                                1. Functions
                                                                                                                                                              2. Sudoriferous (Sweat) Glands
                                                                                                                                                                1. Eccrine Glands
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Structure
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Distribution
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Function
                                                                                                                                                                      2. Apocrine Glands
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Structure
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Distribution
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Function
                                                                                                                                                                            2. Functions of Sweat
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Thermoregulation
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Excretion
                                                                                                                                                                          2. Skin Color and Pigmentation
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Melanin
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Types of Melanin
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Production Process
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Distribution
                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Carotene
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Source
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Color Contribution
                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Hemoglobin
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Oxygenated vs Deoxygenated
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Color Changes
                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Clinical Considerations
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Burns
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. First-Degree Burns
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Second-Degree Burns
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Third-Degree Burns
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Treatment Principles
                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Skin Cancer
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Basal Cell Carcinoma
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Melanoma
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Risk Factors
                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Wound Healing
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Inflammatory Phase
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Proliferative Phase
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Maturation Phase

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                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Histology: The Study of Tissues

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                                                                                                                                                                                                            4. The Skeletal System