Biocatalysis

9.

Reaction Media and Conditions

9.1.

Aqueous Systems

9.1.1.

Buffer Selection

9.1.2.

pH Optimization

9.1.3.

Ionic Strength Effects

9.1.4.

9.2.

Non-Conventional Media

9.2.1.

Organic Solvents

9.2.1.1.

Solvent Properties

9.2.1.2.

9.2.1.3.

Enzyme Stability

9.2.2.

9.2.2.1.

Structure and Properties

9.2.2.2.

Biocompatibility

9.2.3.

Supercritical Fluids

9.2.3.1.

9.2.3.2.

Advantages and Limitations

9.2.4.

Deep Eutectic Solvents

9.2.4.1.

9.2.4.2.

Enzyme Compatibility

9.3.

Biphasic Systems

9.3.1.

Aqueous-Organic Systems

9.3.2.

Phase Partitioning

9.3.3.

9.4.

9.4.1.

Structure and Formation

9.4.2.

Enzyme Activity

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10. Enzyme Immobilization