Biocatalysis

  1. Downstream Processing
    1. Product Recovery
      1. Cell Separation
        1. Filtration
          1. Centrifugation
            1. Sedimentation
            2. Product Extraction
              1. Liquid-Liquid Extraction
                1. Solid-Phase Extraction
                  1. Supercritical Extraction
                2. Purification Methods
                  1. Chromatography
                    1. Ion Exchange
                      1. Size Exclusion
                        1. Hydrophobic Interaction
                          1. Affinity Chromatography
                          2. Crystallization
                            1. Membrane Separation
                              1. Distillation
                              2. Product Concentration
                                1. Evaporation
                                  1. Reverse Osmosis
                                    1. Ultrafiltration
                                    2. Quality Control
                                      1. Analytical Methods
                                        1. Purity Assessment
                                          1. Stability Testing

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                                        11. Bioreactor Design and Operation

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                                        13. Industrial Applications