Neurobiology

  1. Regulatory and Integrative Systems
    1. Autonomic Nervous System
      1. Sympathetic Division
        1. Sympathetic Chain
          1. Preganglionic Neurons
            1. Postganglionic Neurons
              1. Adrenergic Receptors
                1. Alpha Receptors
                  1. Beta Receptors
                  2. Fight-or-Flight Response
                  3. Parasympathetic Division
                    1. Cranial Parasympathetic
                      1. Sacral Parasympathetic
                        1. Cholinergic Transmission
                          1. Rest-and-Digest Functions
                          2. Enteric Nervous System
                            1. Myenteric Plexus
                              1. Submucosal Plexus
                                1. Gastrointestinal Control
                                  1. Local Reflexes
                                  2. Autonomic Integration
                                    1. Central Control Centers
                                      1. Autonomic Reflexes
                                        1. Homeostatic Regulation
                                      2. Hypothalamic-Pituitary System
                                        1. Hypothalamic Nuclei
                                          1. Paraventricular Nucleus
                                            1. Supraoptic Nucleus
                                              1. Arcuate Nucleus
                                                1. Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
                                                  1. Ventromedial Nucleus
                                                    1. Lateral Hypothalamus
                                                    2. Posterior Pituitary
                                                      1. Magnocellular Neurons
                                                        1. Antidiuretic Hormone
                                                          1. Oxytocin
                                                            1. Neurohypophyseal Release
                                                            2. Anterior Pituitary
                                                              1. Hypothalamic-Hypophyseal Portal System
                                                                1. Releasing Hormones
                                                                  1. Inhibiting Hormones
                                                                    1. Pituitary Hormones
                                                                    2. Neuroendocrine Regulation
                                                                      1. Stress Response
                                                                        1. HPA Axis
                                                                          1. Cortisol Release
                                                                          2. Reproductive Behavior
                                                                            1. GnRH Pulsatility
                                                                              1. Sex Hormone Effects
                                                                              2. Energy Balance
                                                                                1. Leptin Signaling
                                                                                  1. Ghrelin Effects
                                                                                    1. Feeding Behavior
                                                                                2. Circadian Rhythms
                                                                                  1. Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
                                                                                    1. Master Clock Function
                                                                                      1. Molecular Clock Mechanisms
                                                                                        1. Clock Genes
                                                                                          1. Transcriptional Loops
                                                                                          2. Light Entrainment
                                                                                            1. Retinohypothalamic Tract
                                                                                              1. Melanopsin Signaling
                                                                                            2. Peripheral Clocks
                                                                                              1. Tissue-Specific Rhythms
                                                                                                1. Clock Synchronization
                                                                                                2. Sleep-Wake Regulation
                                                                                                  1. Sleep-Promoting Systems
                                                                                                    1. VLPO and Sleep
                                                                                                      1. Adenosine Accumulation
                                                                                                      2. Wake-Promoting Systems
                                                                                                        1. Ascending Arousal System
                                                                                                          1. Orexin/Hypocretin
                                                                                                          2. REM Sleep Control
                                                                                                            1. REM-ON Neurons
                                                                                                              1. REM-OFF Neurons
                                                                                                            2. Sleep Stages
                                                                                                              1. Non-REM Sleep
                                                                                                                1. Stage 1
                                                                                                                  1. Stage 2
                                                                                                                    1. Stage 3
                                                                                                                    2. REM Sleep
                                                                                                                      1. Characteristics
                                                                                                                        1. Neural Mechanisms
                                                                                                                        2. Sleep Cycles
                                                                                                                          1. Ultradian Rhythms

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                                                                                                                    7. Motor Systems

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                                                                                                                    9. Learning, Memory, and Plasticity