Neurobiology

13.

Research Methods and Techniques

13.1.

Structural Analysis Methods

13.1.1.

Histological Techniques

13.1.1.1.

Tissue Preparation

13.1.1.2.

Staining Methods

13.1.1.2.1.

13.1.1.2.2.

13.1.1.2.3.

Myelin Staining

13.1.1.3.

Immunohistochemistry

13.1.1.3.1.

Antibody Labeling

13.1.1.3.2.

Fluorescent Markers

13.1.2.

13.1.2.1.

Light Microscopy

13.1.2.2.

Confocal Microscopy

13.1.2.3.

Electron Microscopy

13.1.2.3.1.

Transmission EM

13.1.2.3.2.

13.1.2.4.

Super-Resolution Microscopy

13.1.3.

13.1.3.1.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

13.1.3.1.1.

13.1.3.1.2.

Diffusion Tensor Imaging

13.1.3.2.

Computed Tomography

13.1.3.3.

Positron Emission Tomography

13.2.

Functional Analysis Methods

13.2.1.

Electrophysiology

13.2.1.1.

Intracellular Recording

13.2.1.1.1.

Sharp Electrode Recording

13.2.1.1.2.

Patch-Clamp Recording

13.2.1.1.2.1.

Whole-Cell Mode

13.2.1.1.2.2.

Cell-Attached Mode

13.2.1.1.2.3.

Inside-Out Mode

13.2.1.1.2.4.

Outside-Out Mode

13.2.1.2.

Extracellular Recording

13.2.1.2.1.

Single-Unit Recording

13.2.1.2.2.

Multi-Unit Recording

13.2.1.2.3.

Local Field Potentials

13.2.1.3.

Population Recording

13.2.1.3.1.

Electroencephalography

13.2.1.3.2.

Event-Related Potentials

13.2.1.3.3.

Magnetoencephalography

13.2.2.

Optical Methods

13.2.2.1.

Calcium Imaging

13.2.2.1.1.

Fluorescent Indicators

13.2.2.1.2.

Genetically Encoded Indicators

13.2.2.2.

Voltage Imaging

13.2.2.2.1.

Voltage-Sensitive Dyes

13.2.2.2.2.

Genetically Encoded Indicators

13.2.2.3.

Intrinsic Signal Imaging

13.2.3.

Functional Neuroimaging

13.2.3.1.

13.2.3.1.1.

13.2.3.1.2.

Experimental Design

13.2.3.1.3.

13.2.3.2.

13.2.3.2.1.

Radiotracer Methods

13.2.3.2.2.

Metabolic Imaging

13.3.

Molecular and Genetic Methods

13.3.1.

Gene Expression Analysis

13.3.1.1.

In Situ Hybridization

13.3.1.2.

13.3.1.3.

13.3.1.4.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing

13.3.2.

Protein Analysis

13.3.2.1.

Western Blotting

13.3.2.2.

Mass Spectrometry

13.3.2.3.

13.3.3.

Genetic Manipulation

13.3.3.1.

Transgenic Animals

13.3.3.2.

Knockout Models

13.3.3.3.

Knock-In Models

13.3.3.4.

Conditional Gene Targeting

13.3.4.

13.3.4.1.

Adeno-Associated Virus

13.3.4.2.

13.3.4.3.

13.4.

Circuit Analysis Tools

13.4.1.

13.4.1.1.

Channelrhodopsins

13.4.1.2.

13.4.1.3.

Light Delivery Systems

13.4.1.4.

Behavioral Applications

13.4.2.

13.4.2.1.

13.4.2.2.

Pharmacogenetics

13.4.2.3.

Behavioral Control

13.4.3.

Connectivity Mapping

13.4.3.1.

13.4.3.2.

13.4.3.3.

13.5.

Computational Approaches

13.5.1.

Neural Modeling

13.5.1.1.

Single Neuron Models

13.5.1.1.1.

Hodgkin-Huxley Model

13.5.1.1.2.

Integrate-and-Fire Models

13.5.1.2.

13.5.1.2.1.

Artificial Neural Networks

13.5.1.2.2.

Biologically Realistic Networks

13.5.2.

13.5.2.1.

Signal Processing

13.5.2.2.

Statistical Methods

13.5.2.3.

Machine Learning

13.5.2.4.

Big Data Approaches

13.5.3.

Simulation Tools

13.5.3.1.

13.5.3.2.

13.5.3.3.

Brian Simulator

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12. Pathophysiology and Disorders

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1. Introduction to Neurobiology