Muscle Physiology

  1. Mechanics of Muscle Contraction
    1. Motor Unit Function
      1. Motor Unit Definition
        1. Motor Unit Types
          1. Small Motor Units
            1. Large Motor Units
            2. All-or-None Principle
              1. Motor Unit Recruitment
                1. Size Principle
                  1. Recruitment Order
                    1. Force Gradation
                  2. Muscle Twitch
                    1. Single Stimulus Response
                      1. Twitch Components
                        1. Latent Period
                          1. Contraction Phase
                            1. Relaxation Phase
                            2. Myogram Recording
                              1. Twitch Characteristics
                              2. Summation and Tetanus
                                1. Temporal Summation
                                  1. Wave Summation
                                    1. Frequency Effects
                                    2. Incomplete Tetanus
                                      1. Partial Fusion
                                        1. Oscillating Tension
                                        2. Complete Tetanus
                                          1. Smooth Contraction
                                            1. Maximum Force
                                            2. Stimulus Frequency Effects
                                            3. Muscle Tone
                                              1. Maintenance Mechanisms
                                                1. Postural Function
                                                  1. Pathological Changes
                                                  2. Types of Muscle Contractions
                                                    1. Isometric Contractions
                                                      1. Constant Length
                                                        1. Force Development
                                                          1. No External Work
                                                          2. Isotonic Contractions
                                                            1. Constant Load
                                                              1. Length Changes
                                                                1. Concentric Contractions
                                                                  1. Muscle Shortening
                                                                    1. Positive Work
                                                                    2. Eccentric Contractions
                                                                      1. Muscle Lengthening
                                                                        1. Negative Work
                                                                          1. Force Enhancement
                                                                      2. Force-Length Relationships
                                                                        1. Length-Tension Curve
                                                                          1. Optimal Sarcomere Length
                                                                            1. Passive Tension Component
                                                                              1. Active Tension Component
                                                                                1. Filament Overlap Effects
                                                                                2. Force-Velocity Relationships
                                                                                  1. Load Effects on Velocity
                                                                                    1. Power Output
                                                                                      1. Hill Equation
                                                                                      2. Factors Affecting Force Production
                                                                                        1. Muscle Cross-sectional Area
                                                                                          1. Fiber Architecture
                                                                                            1. Parallel Fibers
                                                                                              1. Pennate Arrangements
                                                                                              2. Muscle Length
                                                                                                1. Contraction Velocity

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                                                                                              7. Muscle Relaxation

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                                                                                              9. Muscle Metabolism and Energetics