Microbiology

16.

Antimicrobial Therapy

16.1.

Chemotherapy History

16.1.1.

Early Antimicrobial Agents

16.1.2.

Antibiotic Discovery

16.1.3.

Modern Drug Development

16.2.

Antimicrobial Spectrum

16.2.1.

Broad-Spectrum Agents

16.2.2.

Narrow-Spectrum Agents

16.2.3.

Selective Toxicity

16.3.

Antibacterial Agents

16.3.1.

Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors

16.3.1.1.

Beta-Lactam Antibiotics

16.3.1.1.1.

16.3.1.1.2.

16.3.1.1.3.

16.3.1.1.4.

16.3.1.2.

16.3.1.2.1.

16.3.1.2.2.

16.3.2.

Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

16.3.2.1.

30S Ribosome Inhibitors

16.3.2.1.1.

Aminoglycosides

16.3.2.1.2.

16.3.2.2.

50S Ribosome Inhibitors

16.3.2.2.1.

Chloramphenicol

16.3.2.2.2.

16.3.2.2.3.

16.3.3.

Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors

16.3.3.1.

DNA Gyrase Inhibitors

16.3.3.1.1.

Fluoroquinolones

16.3.3.2.

RNA Polymerase Inhibitors

16.3.3.2.1.

16.3.4.

Metabolic Inhibitors

16.3.4.1.

Folate Synthesis Inhibitors

16.3.4.1.1.

16.3.4.1.2.

16.3.5.

Membrane Disruptors

16.3.5.1.

16.3.5.2.

16.4.

Antiviral Agents

16.4.1.

Nucleoside Analogs

16.4.2.

Protease Inhibitors

16.4.3.

Neuraminidase Inhibitors

16.4.4.

Entry Inhibitors

16.5.

Antifungal Agents

16.5.1.

16.5.2.

16.5.3.

16.5.4.

16.6.

Antiparasitic Agents

16.6.1.

Antiprotozoal Drugs

16.6.2.

Antihelminthic Drugs

16.7.

Drug Resistance

16.7.1.

Resistance Mechanisms

16.7.1.1.

Enzymatic Inactivation

16.7.1.2.

Target Modification

16.7.1.3.

16.7.1.4.

Permeability Changes

16.7.2.

Resistance Development

16.7.2.1.

Spontaneous Mutations

16.7.2.2.

Horizontal Gene Transfer

16.7.2.3.

Selection Pressure

16.7.3.

Resistance Prevention

16.7.3.1.

Appropriate Use

16.7.3.2.

Combination Therapy

16.7.3.3.

Cycling Strategies

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17. Microbial Diseases by Body System