Iron Transport and Receptors in Bacteria

  1. Siderophore Structure and Function
    1. Definition and General Properties
      1. Iron-chelating Molecules
        1. Thermodynamic Stability Constants
          1. Specificity for Ferric Iron
          2. Chemical Classification
            1. Catecholate Siderophores
              1. Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Groups
                1. Enterobactin
                  1. Cyclic Triester Structure
                    1. Biosynthetic Pathway
                      1. Extremely High Affinity
                      2. Salmochelin
                        1. Glucosylated Enterobactin
                          1. Immune Evasion Properties
                          2. Bacillibactin
                            1. Linear Catecholate Structure
                              1. Spore-forming Bacteria
                            2. Hydroxamate Siderophores
                              1. N-hydroxy Amino Acid Derivatives
                                1. Ferrioxamine
                                  1. Linear Structure
                                    1. Streptomyces Production
                                    2. Ferrichrome
                                      1. Cyclic Hexapeptide
                                        1. Fungal and Bacterial Forms
                                        2. Aerobactin
                                          1. Citrate-hydroxamate Hybrid
                                            1. Virulence Association
                                          2. Carboxylate Siderophores
                                            1. α-Hydroxycarboxylic Acids
                                              1. Staphyloferrin A
                                                1. Citrate-based Structure
                                                  1. Staphylococcus aureus
                                                  2. Staphyloferrin B
                                                    1. Carboxylate-type Structure
                                                      1. Alternative Iron Source
                                                      2. Achromobactin
                                                        1. Environmental Bacteria
                                                          1. Soil Iron Mobilization
                                                        2. Mixed-ligand Siderophores
                                                          1. Multiple Chelating Groups
                                                            1. Pyoverdine
                                                              1. Fluorescent Properties
                                                                1. Pseudomonas Species
                                                                  1. Complex Peptide Structure
                                                                  2. Yersiniabactin
                                                                    1. Phenolate-thiazoline Structure
                                                                      1. Virulence Factor
                                                                        1. Yersinia and E. coli
                                                                    2. Biosynthetic Mechanisms
                                                                      1. Non-ribosomal Peptide Synthetases
                                                                        1. Modular Organization
                                                                          1. Adenylation Domains
                                                                            1. Condensation Domains
                                                                              1. Thiolation Domains
                                                                              2. Polyketide Synthases
                                                                                1. Type I PKS Systems
                                                                                  1. Chain Elongation Mechanisms
                                                                                    1. Hybrid NRPS-PKS Systems
                                                                                    2. NRPS-independent Synthetases
                                                                                      1. IucA/IucC-type Enzymes
                                                                                        1. Alternative Assembly Pathways
                                                                                          1. Substrate Specificity
                                                                                        2. Secretion Systems
                                                                                          1. Major Facilitator Superfamily Transporters
                                                                                            1. Single-component Exporters
                                                                                              1. Proton-coupled Transport
                                                                                              2. ABC Transporter Systems
                                                                                                1. ATP-dependent Export
                                                                                                  1. Multi-component Systems
                                                                                                  2. Outer Membrane Vesicles
                                                                                                    1. Siderophore Packaging
                                                                                                      1. Membrane Fusion Mechanisms

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                                                                                                  3. Bacterial Iron Acquisition Strategies

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                                                                                                  5. Outer Membrane Iron Receptors