Invertebrate Zoology

  1. Phylum Porifera
    1. General Characteristics
      1. Sessile Lifestyle
        1. Lack of True Tissues
          1. Filter Feeding Strategy
            1. Asymmetrical Body Plan
            2. Body Plan and Structure
              1. Asconoid Structure
                1. Syconoid Structure
                  1. Leuconoid Structure
                    1. Evolutionary Relationships
                    2. Cell Types and Functions
                      1. Pinacocytes
                        1. Choanocytes
                          1. Archaeocytes
                            1. Sclerocytes
                              1. Collencytes
                                1. Lophocytes
                                  1. Porocytes
                                  2. Skeletal Structures
                                    1. Spicules
                                      1. Siliceous Spicules
                                        1. Calcareous Spicules
                                          1. Spicule Types and Classification
                                          2. Spongin Fibers
                                            1. Skeletal Arrangements
                                            2. Physiology
                                              1. Water Current System
                                                1. Ostia and Oscula
                                                  1. Canal Systems
                                                    1. Water Flow Patterns
                                                    2. Feeding and Digestion
                                                      1. Intracellular Digestion
                                                        1. Particle Capture
                                                        2. Respiration and Excretion
                                                          1. Diffusion Processes
                                                            1. Waste Removal
                                                            2. Growth and Regeneration
                                                            3. Reproduction and Development
                                                              1. Asexual Reproduction
                                                                1. Budding
                                                                  1. Fragmentation
                                                                    1. Gemmules
                                                                    2. Sexual Reproduction
                                                                      1. Gamete Production
                                                                        1. Fertilization
                                                                          1. Larval Development
                                                                        2. Classification
                                                                          1. Class Calcarea
                                                                            1. Class Hexactinellida
                                                                              1. Class Demospongiae
                                                                                1. Class Homoscleromorpha
                                                                                2. Ecology and Distribution
                                                                                  1. Marine Habitats
                                                                                    1. Freshwater Species
                                                                                      1. Ecological Roles

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                                                                                    3. Protozoa

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                                                                                    5. Phylum Cnidaria