Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

  1. Charging Technology and Infrastructure
    1. AC Charging Systems
      1. Level 1 Charging
        1. 120V AC Operation
          1. Home Charging Applications
            1. Charging Times
              1. Equipment Requirements
              2. Level 2 Charging
                1. 240V AC Operation
                  1. Residential Installation
                    1. Public Charging Stations
                      1. Charging Times
                        1. Equipment Requirements
                      2. DC Fast Charging
                        1. Level 3 Charging Principles
                          1. Power Level Classifications
                            1. Charging Curve Characteristics
                              1. Battery Thermal Management
                                1. High-Power Charging
                                  1. Ultra-Fast Charging Capabilities
                                    1. 350kW+ Systems
                                      1. Battery Life Impact
                                        1. Infrastructure Requirements
                                      2. Charging Connector Standards
                                        1. SAE J1772 (Type 1)
                                          1. Combined Charging System (CCS)
                                            1. CCS Combo 1
                                              1. CCS Combo 2
                                              2. CHAdeMO
                                                1. North American Charging Standard (NACS)
                                                  1. GB/T Standard
                                                    1. Tesla Connector
                                                    2. Charging Communication
                                                      1. ISO 15118 Protocol
                                                        1. Plug & Charge Technology
                                                          1. Smart Charging Features
                                                            1. Grid Communication
                                                            2. Advanced Charging Technologies
                                                              1. Wireless Charging
                                                                1. Inductive Charging Principles
                                                                  1. Efficiency Considerations
                                                                    1. Alignment Requirements
                                                                      1. Dynamic Wireless Charging
                                                                      2. Battery Swapping
                                                                        1. Automated Swapping Stations
                                                                          1. Standardization Challenges
                                                                            1. Business Model Considerations
                                                                            2. Bidirectional Charging
                                                                              1. Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G)
                                                                                1. Vehicle-to-Home (V2H)
                                                                                  1. Vehicle-to-Load (V2L)
                                                                                    1. Grid Services Applications

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                                                                                7. Vehicle Control and Software Systems

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                                                                                9. Performance and Efficiency