Biomedical Science

  1. Human Anatomy and Physiology
    1. Introduction to Human Body Organization
      1. Anatomical Position and Terminology
        1. Body Cavities and Membranes
          1. Homeostasis and Feedback Mechanisms
            1. Levels of Organization
              1. Chemical Level
                1. Cellular Level
                  1. Tissue Level
                    1. Organ Level
                      1. System Level
                    2. Tissues
                      1. Epithelial Tissue
                        1. Classification by Shape
                          1. Squamous Epithelium
                            1. Cuboidal Epithelium
                              1. Columnar Epithelium
                              2. Classification by Layers
                                1. Simple Epithelium
                                  1. Stratified Epithelium
                                    1. Pseudostratified Epithelium
                                    2. Specialized Epithelial Structures
                                      1. Glandular Epithelium
                                        1. Exocrine Glands
                                          1. Endocrine Glands
                                      2. Connective Tissue
                                        1. Connective Tissue Proper
                                          1. Loose Connective Tissue
                                            1. Dense Connective Tissue
                                            2. Specialized Connective Tissues
                                              1. Cartilage
                                                1. Hyaline Cartilage
                                                  1. Elastic Cartilage
                                                    1. Fibrocartilage
                                                    2. Bone Tissue
                                                      1. Compact Bone
                                                        1. Spongy Bone
                                                        2. Blood
                                                          1. Plasma
                                                            1. Formed Elements
                                                          2. Extracellular Matrix Components
                                                            1. Collagen Fibers
                                                              1. Elastic Fibers
                                                                1. Ground Substance
                                                              2. Muscle Tissue
                                                                1. Skeletal Muscle
                                                                  1. Structure and Organization
                                                                    1. Contraction Mechanism
                                                                      1. Fiber Types
                                                                      2. Cardiac Muscle
                                                                        1. Structure and Properties
                                                                          1. Intercalated Discs
                                                                            1. Autorhythmicity
                                                                            2. Smooth Muscle
                                                                              1. Structure and Properties
                                                                                1. Single-unit vs Multi-unit
                                                                                  1. Regulation of Contraction
                                                                                2. Nervous Tissue
                                                                                  1. Neurons
                                                                                    1. Neuron Structure
                                                                                      1. Types of Neurons
                                                                                        1. Nerve Impulse Conduction
                                                                                        2. Neuroglia
                                                                                          1. CNS Glial Cells
                                                                                            1. Astrocytes
                                                                                              1. Oligodendrocytes
                                                                                                1. Microglia
                                                                                                  1. Ependymal Cells
                                                                                                  2. PNS Glial Cells
                                                                                                    1. Schwann Cells
                                                                                                      1. Satellite Cells
                                                                                                2. The Integumentary System
                                                                                                  1. Structure of Skin
                                                                                                    1. Epidermis
                                                                                                      1. Layers of Epidermis
                                                                                                        1. Cell Types
                                                                                                        2. Dermis
                                                                                                          1. Papillary Layer
                                                                                                            1. Reticular Layer
                                                                                                            2. Hypodermis
                                                                                                            3. Functions of the Integument
                                                                                                              1. Protection
                                                                                                                1. Temperature Regulation
                                                                                                                  1. Sensation
                                                                                                                    1. Vitamin D Synthesis
                                                                                                                      1. Excretion
                                                                                                                      2. Accessory Structures
                                                                                                                        1. Hair
                                                                                                                          1. Hair Structure
                                                                                                                            1. Hair Growth Cycle
                                                                                                                            2. Nails
                                                                                                                              1. Nail Structure
                                                                                                                                1. Nail Growth
                                                                                                                                2. Glands
                                                                                                                                  1. Sebaceous Glands
                                                                                                                                    1. Sweat Glands
                                                                                                                                  2. Skin Disorders
                                                                                                                                    1. Inflammatory Conditions
                                                                                                                                      1. Infectious Diseases
                                                                                                                                        1. Neoplasms
                                                                                                                                      2. The Skeletal System
                                                                                                                                        1. Bone Structure and Function
                                                                                                                                          1. Bone Composition
                                                                                                                                            1. Organic Matrix
                                                                                                                                              1. Inorganic Matrix
                                                                                                                                              2. Bone Cells
                                                                                                                                                1. Osteoblasts
                                                                                                                                                  1. Osteocytes
                                                                                                                                                    1. Osteoclasts
                                                                                                                                                    2. Bone Architecture
                                                                                                                                                      1. Compact Bone Organization
                                                                                                                                                        1. Spongy Bone Organization
                                                                                                                                                      2. Types of Bones
                                                                                                                                                        1. Long Bones
                                                                                                                                                          1. Short Bones
                                                                                                                                                            1. Flat Bones
                                                                                                                                                              1. Irregular Bones
                                                                                                                                                                1. Sesamoid Bones
                                                                                                                                                                2. Bone Development and Growth
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Intramembranous Ossification
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Endochondral Ossification
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Bone Growth in Length and Width
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Factors Affecting Bone Growth
                                                                                                                                                                        2. Joints and Articulations
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Classification of Joints
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Structural Classification
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Functional Classification
                                                                                                                                                                              2. Synovial Joints
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Types of Synovial Joints
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Joint Movement
                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Joint Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                  3. Bone Remodeling and Repair
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Bone Remodeling Process
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Hormonal Regulation
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Fracture Repair
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Bone Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                        2. The Muscular System
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Skeletal Muscle Anatomy
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Muscle Organization
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Muscle Fiber Structure
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Neuromuscular Junction
                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Muscle Contraction Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Sliding Filament Theory
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Excitation-Contraction Coupling
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Cross-Bridge Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Role of Calcium
                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Muscle Metabolism
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Energy Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Phosphocreatine System
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Glycolytic System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Oxidative System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Muscle Fatigue
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Recovery from Exercise
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Types of Muscle Contractions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Isometric Contractions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Isotonic Contractions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Eccentric vs Concentric
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Muscle Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Muscular Dystrophies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Myasthenia Gravis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Muscle Cramps and Spasms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. The Nervous System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Organization of the Nervous System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Central Nervous System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Peripheral Nervous System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Functional Divisions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Central Nervous System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. The Brain
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Cerebrum
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Cerebral Cortex
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Basal Nuclei
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Limbic System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Diencephalon
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Thalamus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Hypothalamus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Epithalamus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Brainstem
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Midbrain
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Pons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Medulla Oblongata
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Cerebellum
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Structure and Function
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Motor Learning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. The Spinal Cord
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Spinal Cord Anatomy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Gray and White Matter
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Spinal Tracts
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Reflex Arcs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Monosynaptic Reflexes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Polysynaptic Reflexes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Protective Structures
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Meninges
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Cerebrospinal Fluid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Blood-Brain Barrier
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Peripheral Nervous System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Cranial Nerves
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Twelve Cranial Nerves
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Functions and Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Spinal Nerves
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Spinal Nerve Formation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Nerve Plexuses
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Dermatomes and Myotomes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Autonomic Nervous System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Sympathetic Division
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Anatomy and Organization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Neurotransmitters and Receptors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Physiological Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Parasympathetic Division
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Anatomy and Organization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Neurotransmitters and Receptors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Physiological Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Enteric Nervous System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Structure and Function
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Integration with CNS
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Neurophysiology
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Resting Membrane Potential
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Ion Distribution
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Sodium-Potassium Pump
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Action Potentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Threshold and All-or-None Principle
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Depolarization and Repolarization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Propagation of Action Potentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Saltatory Conduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Synaptic Transmission
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Chemical Synapses
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Neurotransmitter Release
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Postsynaptic Potentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Synaptic Integration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. The Endocrine System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Principles of Endocrine Function
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Hormones vs Neurotransmitters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Hormone Transport
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Hormone Clearance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Types of Hormones
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Peptide and Protein Hormones
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Steroid Hormones
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Amine Hormones
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Hormone Receptors and Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Cell Surface Receptors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Intracellular Receptors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Second Messenger Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Major Endocrine Glands
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Pituitary Gland
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Anterior Pituitary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Growth Hormone
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Prolactin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. ACTH
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. TSH
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. FSH and LH
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Posterior Pituitary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. ADH
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Oxytocin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Thyroid Gland
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Thyroid Hormones
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Calcitonin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Thyroid Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Parathyroid Glands
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Parathyroid Hormone
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Calcium Homeostasis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Adrenal Glands
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Adrenal Cortex
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Mineralocorticoids
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Glucocorticoids
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Androgens
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Adrenal Medulla
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Epinephrine
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Norepinephrine
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Pancreas
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Insulin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Glucagon
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Somatostatin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Diabetes Mellitus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Gonads
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Ovarian Hormones
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Testicular Hormones
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Regulation of Hormone Secretion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Negative Feedback
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Positive Feedback
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Endocrine Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Hyposecretion Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Hypersecretion Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Hormone Resistance Syndromes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. The Cardiovascular System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Heart Anatomy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Heart Chambers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Atria
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Ventricles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Heart Valves
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Atrioventricular Valves
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Semilunar Valves
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Heart Wall Layers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Epicardium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Myocardium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Endocardium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Coronary Circulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Coronary Arteries
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Coronary Veins
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Cardiac Physiology
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Electrical Conduction System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Sinoatrial Node
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Atrioventricular Node
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Bundle of His
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Purkinje Fibers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Cardiac Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Systole
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Diastole
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Heart Sounds
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Electrocardiogram
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. ECG Waves
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. ECG Interpretation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Cardiac Output
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Stroke Volume
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Heart Rate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Factors Affecting Cardiac Output
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Blood Vessels
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Arterial System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Elastic Arteries
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Muscular Arteries
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Arterioles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Venous System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Venules
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Veins
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Venous Return
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Capillaries
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Capillary Structure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Capillary Exchange
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Circulation Pathways
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Systemic Circulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Pulmonary Circulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Portal Circulations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Blood Pressure and Flow
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Blood Pressure Measurement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Factors Affecting Blood Pressure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Regulation of Blood Pressure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Neural Regulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Hormonal Regulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Local Regulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Hypertension
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Hypotension
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                3. Blood and Hemostasis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Blood Composition
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Plasma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Plasma Proteins
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Electrolytes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Nutrients and Wastes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Formed Elements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Red Blood Cells
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Structure and Function
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Hemoglobin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Oxygen Transport
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. White Blood Cells
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Granulocytes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Agranulocytes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Immune Functions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Platelets
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Structure and Function
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Role in Hemostasis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3. Hematopoiesis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Stem Cells
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Erythropoiesis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Leukopoiesis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Thrombopoiesis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Hemostasis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Vascular Spasm
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Platelet Plug Formation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Coagulation Cascade
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Intrinsic Pathway
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Extrinsic Pathway
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Common Pathway
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Fibrinolysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Anticoagulation Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Blood Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Anemia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Polycythemia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Leukemia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Bleeding Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. The Lymphatic System and Immunity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Lymphatic System Structure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Lymphatic Vessels
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Lymphatic Capillaries
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Lymphatic Collecting Vessels
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Lymphatic Trunks and Ducts
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Lymph Formation and Flow
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Functions of Lymphatic System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Lymphoid Organs and Tissues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Primary Lymphoid Organs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Bone Marrow
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Thymus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Secondary Lymphoid Organs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Lymph Nodes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Spleen
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Tonsils
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Overview of Immune Function
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Innate Immunity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Adaptive Immunity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Immune System Cells
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. The Respiratory System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Respiratory System Anatomy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Upper Respiratory Tract
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Nose and Nasal Cavity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Pharynx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Larynx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Lower Respiratory Tract
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Trachea
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Bronchi and Bronchioles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Alveoli
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Respiratory Membrane
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                3. Mechanics of Breathing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Pulmonary Ventilation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Inspiration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Expiration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Respiratory Muscles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Lung Volumes and Capacities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Tidal Volume
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Inspiratory Reserve Volume
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Expiratory Reserve Volume
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Residual Volume
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Spirometry
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                3. Gas Exchange and Transport
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Alveolar Gas Exchange
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Diffusion of Gases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Factors Affecting Gas Exchange
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Gas Transport in Blood
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Oxygen Transport
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Hemoglobin Binding
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Oxygen-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Carbon Dioxide Transport
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Dissolved CO2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Bicarbonate System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Carbaminohemoglobin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Regulation of Respiration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Respiratory Control Centers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Chemical Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. CO2 and pH Sensors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Oxygen Sensors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Neural Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Voluntary Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Respiratory Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Obstructive Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Restrictive Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Gas Exchange Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. The Digestive System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Digestive System Organization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Alimentary Canal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Accessory Organs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Digestive Processes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Anatomy of the GI Tract
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Oral Cavity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Teeth and Mastication
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Tongue and Taste
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Salivary Glands
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Esophagus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Structure and Function
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Swallowing Mechanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Stomach
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Stomach Anatomy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Gastric Secretions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Gastric Motility
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Small Intestine
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Duodenum
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Jejunum
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Ileum
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Intestinal Secretions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Intestinal Motility
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Large Intestine
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Cecum and Appendix
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Colon
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Rectum and Anal Canal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Colonic Functions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Accessory Organs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Liver
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Liver Anatomy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Hepatic Functions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Bile Production
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Pancreas
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Pancreatic Anatomy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Exocrine Functions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Pancreatic Enzymes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Gallbladder
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Bile Storage and Concentration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Gallbladder Contraction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Digestion and Absorption
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Carbohydrate Digestion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Starch Digestion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Sugar Absorption
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Protein Digestion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Protein Breakdown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Amino Acid Absorption
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Lipid Digestion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Fat Emulsification
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Fatty Acid Absorption
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Vitamin and Mineral Absorption
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Fat-Soluble Vitamins
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Water-Soluble Vitamins
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Mineral Absorption
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Digestive System Regulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Neural Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Hormonal Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Local Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Digestive Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Peptic Ulcers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Malabsorption Syndromes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. The Urinary System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Kidney Anatomy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Kidney Structure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Renal Cortex
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Renal Medulla
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Renal Pelvis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Nephron Structure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Renal Corpuscle
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Renal Tubule
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Collecting Duct
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Blood Supply to Kidneys
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  3. Urine Formation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Glomerular Filtration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Filtration Membrane
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Glomerular Filtration Rate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Regulation of GFR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Tubular Reabsorption
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Proximal Tubule Reabsorption
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Loop of Henle Function
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Tubular Secretion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Secreted Substances
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Secretion Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Urine Concentration and Dilution
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Countercurrent Mechanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. ADH Regulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Osmolarity Regulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Regulation of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Sodium Balance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Aldosterone Regulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. ANP Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Potassium Balance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Potassium Secretion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Regulation Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Calcium and Phosphate Balance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. PTH Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Calcitriol Function
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Acid-Base Balance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Buffer Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Respiratory Compensation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Renal Compensation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Acid-Base Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Lower Urinary Tract
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Ureters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Urinary Bladder
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Urethra
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Micturition Reflex
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Renal Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Acute Kidney Injury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Chronic Kidney Disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Glomerular Diseases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Tubular Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. The Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Male Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Male Reproductive Anatomy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Testes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Epididymis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Vas Deferens
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Accessory Glands
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Penis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Spermatogenesis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Stages of Spermatogenesis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Sertoli Cell Function
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Hormonal Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Male Reproductive Hormones
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Testosterone
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. FSH and LH
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Inhibin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Female Reproductive System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Female Reproductive Anatomy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Ovaries
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Fallopian Tubes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Uterus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Vagina
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. External Genitalia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Oogenesis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Stages of Oogenesis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Follicle Development
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Ovulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Menstrual Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Ovarian Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Uterine Cycle
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Hormonal Regulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Fertilization and Early Development
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Fertilization Process
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Implantation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Early Embryonic Development
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Placental Development and Function
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Pregnancy and Parturition
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Hormonal Changes in Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Fetal Development
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Labor and Delivery
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Lactation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Reproductive Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Male Infertility
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Female Infertility
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Sexually Transmitted Infections

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Go to top

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Next

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          3. Cellular and Molecular Biology