Bacterial Pathogenesis

  1. Genetics of Bacterial Pathogenicity
    1. Virulence Factor Organization
      1. Chromosomal Virulence Genes
        1. Core Genome Integration
          1. Housekeeping Gene Association
          2. Virulence Gene Clusters
            1. Operon Organization
              1. Coordinated Expression
                1. Functional Gene Grouping
                2. Virulence Factor Classification
                  1. Adhesins
                    1. Invasins
                      1. Toxins
                        1. Immune Evasion Factors
                      2. Pathogenicity Islands
                        1. PAI Structural Features
                          1. Size and Organization
                            1. GC Content Deviation
                              1. Insertion Sites
                                1. Mobility Elements
                                2. PAI Integration Mechanisms
                                  1. Site-Specific Integration
                                    1. tRNA Gene Targeting
                                      1. Integrase-Mediated Insertion
                                      2. PAI Horizontal Transfer
                                        1. Conjugative Transfer
                                          1. Transduction-Mediated Transfer
                                            1. Transformation Uptake
                                            2. PAI Evolution
                                              1. Modular Assembly
                                                1. Gene Acquisition
                                                  1. Pseudogene Formation
                                                2. Mobile Genetic Elements
                                                  1. Plasmid-Encoded Virulence
                                                    1. Conjugative Plasmids
                                                      1. Mobilizable Plasmids
                                                        1. Plasmid Maintenance
                                                          1. Toxin-Encoding Plasmids
                                                          2. Bacteriophage Contributions
                                                            1. Lysogenic Conversion
                                                              1. Phage-Encoded Toxins
                                                                1. Prophage Integration
                                                                  1. Phage-Mediated Transfer
                                                                  2. Transposon-Mediated Transfer
                                                                    1. Composite Transposons
                                                                      1. Tn10 Family Elements
                                                                        1. Insertion Sequence Elements
                                                                          1. Transposition Mechanisms
                                                                        2. Horizontal Gene Transfer Mechanisms
                                                                          1. Natural Transformation
                                                                            1. Competence Development
                                                                              1. DNA Uptake Systems
                                                                                1. Homologous Recombination
                                                                                2. Transduction Processes
                                                                                  1. Generalized Transduction
                                                                                    1. Specialized Transduction
                                                                                      1. Phage Packaging Mechanisms
                                                                                      2. Conjugative Transfer
                                                                                        1. Pilus Formation
                                                                                          1. DNA Transfer Apparatus
                                                                                            1. Recipient Cell Processing
                                                                                            2. Gene Transfer Consequences
                                                                                              1. Virulence Acquisition
                                                                                                1. Antibiotic Resistance Spread
                                                                                                  1. Metabolic Capability Expansion

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                                                                                              8. Virulence Gene Regulation

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                                                                                              10. Experimental Approaches to Pathogenesis