Bacterial Pathogenesis

5.

Nutrient Acquisition from Host

5.1.

Iron Acquisition Systems

5.1.1.

Iron Importance in Bacterial Metabolism

5.1.2.

Host Iron Sequestration

5.1.2.1.

Transferrin Binding

5.1.2.2.

Lactoferrin Binding

5.1.2.3.

Ferritin Storage

5.1.3.

Bacterial Iron Acquisition

5.1.3.1.

Siderophore Production

5.1.3.2.

Siderophore Types and Structures

5.1.3.3.

Siderophore Uptake Systems

5.1.4.

Direct Iron Acquisition

5.1.4.1.

Transferrin Receptors

5.1.4.2.

Lactoferrin Receptors

5.1.4.3.

Hemoglobin Utilization

5.1.4.4.

Heme Uptake Systems

5.1.5.

Iron Piracy Mechanisms

5.1.5.1.

Siderophore Piracy

5.1.5.2.

Iron Chelation Competition

5.2.

Carbon Source Utilization

5.2.1.

Host Sugar Utilization

5.2.1.1.

Glucose Metabolism

5.2.1.2.

Alternative Sugar Sources

5.2.1.3.

Metabolic Flexibility

5.2.2.

Amino Acid Scavenging

5.2.2.1.

Host Protein Degradation

5.2.2.2.

Amino Acid Transport Systems

5.2.3.

Lipid Utilization

5.2.3.1.

Fatty Acid Metabolism

5.2.3.2.

Phospholipid Degradation

5.3.

Other Essential Nutrients

5.3.1.

Nitrogen Source Acquisition

5.3.1.1.

Nitrate Utilization

5.3.1.2.

Ammonia Metabolism

5.3.1.3.

Urea Hydrolysis

5.3.2.

Phosphorus Acquisition

5.3.2.1.

Phosphate Transport

5.3.2.2.

Organic Phosphate Utilization

5.3.3.

Trace Element Acquisition

5.3.3.1.

Zinc Acquisition

5.3.3.2.

Manganese Uptake

5.3.3.3.

Copper Homeostasis

5.3.4.

Vitamin and Cofactor Acquisition

5.3.4.1.

B Vitamin Scavenging

5.3.4.2.

Cofactor Synthesis

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6. Immune System Evasion Strategies