Radiation Biology

Radiation biology is the scientific field that examines the effects of radiation, particularly ionizing radiation like X-rays and gamma rays, on living organisms. It explores how radiation energy is absorbed by biological tissues and the subsequent chemical and biological changes that occur at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels. This discipline is fundamental to understanding the mechanisms of DNA damage, cell death, and carcinogenesis caused by radiation exposure, and it provides the scientific basis for applications such as cancer radiotherapy, medical imaging, and radiation protection standards.