Radiation Biology

  1. Tissue and Organ Effects
    1. Classification of Radiation Effects
      1. Deterministic Effects
        1. Definition and Characteristics
          1. Threshold Dose Concept
            1. Dose-Response Relationship
              1. Severity Dependence
              2. Stochastic Effects
                1. Definition and Characteristics
                  1. Probability-Based Response
                    1. Linear No-Threshold Model
                      1. Risk Assessment
                    2. Acute Radiation Syndrome
                      1. Pathophysiology
                        1. Cellular Basis
                          1. Organ System Involvement
                          2. Clinical Stages
                            1. Prodromal Stage
                              1. Symptoms and Timeline
                                1. Dose Dependence
                                2. Latent Period
                                  1. Duration and Characteristics
                                    1. Apparent Recovery
                                    2. Manifest Illness Stage
                                      1. Symptom Development
                                        1. Organ-Specific Manifestations
                                        2. Recovery or Death
                                        3. Dose-Dependent Syndromes
                                          1. Hematopoietic Syndrome
                                            1. Dose Range
                                              1. Pathophysiology
                                                1. Clinical Course
                                                  1. Prognosis
                                                  2. Gastrointestinal Syndrome
                                                    1. Dose Range
                                                      1. Pathophysiology
                                                        1. Clinical Course
                                                          1. Prognosis
                                                          2. Cerebrovascular Syndrome
                                                            1. Dose Range
                                                              1. Pathophysiology
                                                                1. Clinical Course
                                                                  1. Prognosis
                                                                2. Treatment Approaches
                                                                3. Organ-Specific Radiation Effects
                                                                  1. Hematopoietic System
                                                                    1. Bone Marrow Radiosensitivity
                                                                      1. Lymphocyte Depletion
                                                                        1. Thrombocytopenia
                                                                          1. Anemia
                                                                            1. Recovery Patterns
                                                                            2. Gastrointestinal System
                                                                              1. Small Intestine Effects
                                                                                1. Crypt Cell Damage
                                                                                  1. Villus Denudation
                                                                                    1. Barrier Function Loss
                                                                                    2. Skin and Integument
                                                                                      1. Acute Skin Reactions
                                                                                        1. Erythema
                                                                                          1. Dry Desquamation
                                                                                            1. Moist Desquamation
                                                                                            2. Late Skin Effects
                                                                                              1. Fibrosis
                                                                                                1. Telangiectasia
                                                                                                  1. Necrosis
                                                                                                2. Reproductive System
                                                                                                  1. Testicular Effects
                                                                                                    1. Spermatogonia Sensitivity
                                                                                                      1. Temporary vs. Permanent Sterility
                                                                                                      2. Ovarian Effects
                                                                                                        1. Oocyte Sensitivity
                                                                                                          1. Age-Dependent Response
                                                                                                        2. Eye and Vision
                                                                                                          1. Lens Cataract Formation
                                                                                                            1. Retinal Effects
                                                                                                              1. Corneal Damage
                                                                                                              2. Lung and Respiratory System
                                                                                                                1. Acute Pneumonitis
                                                                                                                  1. Pulmonary Fibrosis
                                                                                                                    1. Functional Impairment
                                                                                                                    2. Central Nervous System
                                                                                                                      1. Acute Effects
                                                                                                                        1. Late Effects
                                                                                                                          1. Cognitive Impairment
                                                                                                                          2. Cardiovascular System
                                                                                                                            1. Acute Effects
                                                                                                                              1. Late Effects
                                                                                                                                1. Atherosclerosis Acceleration
                                                                                                                              2. Late Effects of Radiation
                                                                                                                                1. Radiation Carcinogenesis
                                                                                                                                  1. Mechanisms of Cancer Induction
                                                                                                                                    1. DNA Damage and Mutations
                                                                                                                                      1. Genomic Instability
                                                                                                                                        1. Epigenetic Changes
                                                                                                                                        2. Latency Periods
                                                                                                                                          1. Leukemia
                                                                                                                                            1. Solid Tumors
                                                                                                                                            2. Dose-Response Relationships
                                                                                                                                              1. Risk Models
                                                                                                                                                1. Absolute Risk Model
                                                                                                                                                  1. Relative Risk Model
                                                                                                                                                    1. Excess Relative Risk
                                                                                                                                                    2. Cancer Types
                                                                                                                                                      1. Leukemia
                                                                                                                                                        1. Thyroid Cancer
                                                                                                                                                          1. Breast Cancer
                                                                                                                                                            1. Lung Cancer
                                                                                                                                                              1. Other Solid Tumors
                                                                                                                                                            2. Non-Cancer Late Effects
                                                                                                                                                              1. Cardiovascular Disease
                                                                                                                                                                1. Cataracts
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Cognitive Effects
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Reproductive Effects
                                                                                                                                                                    2. Hereditary Effects
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Genetic Damage Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Doubling Dose Concept
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Human Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Risk Estimates
                                                                                                                                                                          2. Radiation Effects in Development
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Embryonic and Fetal Radiosensitivity
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Gestational Age Dependence
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Organ Development Timing
                                                                                                                                                                                2. Pre-implantation Period
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. All-or-None Response
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Embryonic Lethality
                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Organogenesis Period
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Malformation Induction
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Organ-Specific Sensitivities
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Critical Periods
                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Fetal Period
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Growth Retardation
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Central Nervous System Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. IQ Reduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Childhood Cancer Risk

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                                                                                                                                                                                              4. Cellular Radiobiology

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                                                                                                                                                                                              6. Factors Modifying Radiation Response