Invertebrate Paleontology

  1. Phylum Brachiopoda
    1. General Morphology
      1. Shell Composition and Structure
        1. Calcite Shells
          1. Phosphate Shells
          2. Pedicle Valve
            1. Brachial Valve
              1. Symmetry
                1. Plane of Symmetry
                2. Internal Structures
                  1. Lophophore Supports
                    1. Muscle Scars
                      1. Hinge Mechanisms
                    2. Major Groups
                      1. Class Inarticulata
                        1. Morphological Features
                          1. Geological Range
                          2. Class Articulata
                            1. Morphological Features
                              1. Geological Range
                            2. Paleoecology and Life Habits
                              1. Modes of Attachment
                                1. Feeding Strategies
                                  1. Environmental Distribution
                                  2. Distinguishing from Bivalve Mollusks
                                    1. Shell Symmetry
                                      1. Hinge and Muscle Arrangement
                                        1. Internal Anatomy

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                                      6. Phylum Bryozoa

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                                      8. Phylum Mollusca