Invertebrate Paleontology

  1. Phylum Cnidaria
    1. General Morphology
      1. Polyp Form
        1. Medusa Form
          1. Body Symmetry
            1. Tentacles and Nematocysts
              1. Life Cycle and Reproduction
              2. Class Anthozoa
                1. Morphology of Coral Polyps
                  1. Skeletal Structure
                    1. Corallite
                      1. Septa
                        1. Tabulae
                        2. Order Rugosa
                          1. Morphology and Growth Patterns
                            1. Geological Range
                            2. Order Tabulata
                              1. Colony Structure
                                1. Paleoecological Significance
                                2. Order Scleractinia
                                  1. Modern and Fossil Representatives
                                    1. Evolutionary History
                                  2. Coral Colony Forms
                                    1. Solitary vs. Colonial
                                      1. Branching
                                        1. Massive
                                          1. Encrusting
                                            1. Plate-like
                                            2. Reef Ecosystems Through Time
                                              1. Paleozoic Reefs
                                                1. Mesozoic Reefs
                                                  1. Cenozoic Reefs
                                                    1. Reef Builders and Succession
                                                    2. Other Fossil Cnidarians
                                                      1. Hydrozoans
                                                        1. Scyphozoans
                                                          1. Conulariids

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                                                        4. Phylum Porifera

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                                                        6. Phylum Bryozoa