Invertebrate Paleontology

  1. Phylum Echinodermata
    1. Defining Characteristics
      1. Pentaradial Symmetry
        1. Calcite Endoskeleton
          1. Water Vascular System
            1. Mutable Connective Tissue
            2. Subphylum Crinozoa
              1. Class Crinoidea
                1. Morphology
                  1. Calyx
                    1. Arms
                      1. Stem
                      2. Attachment Structures
                        1. Fossilization and Preservation
                      3. Subphylum Blastozoa
                        1. Class Blastoidea
                          1. Morphology and Ecology
                            1. Geological Range
                          2. Subphylum Echinozoa
                            1. Class Echinoidea
                              1. Regular Echinoids
                                1. Morphology and Ecology
                                2. Irregular Echinoids
                                  1. Morphology and Adaptations
                              2. Subphylum Asterozoa
                                1. Class Asteroidea
                                  1. Morphology and Fossil Record
                                  2. Class Ophiuroidea
                                    1. Morphology and Fossil Record

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                                9. Phylum Arthropoda

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                                11. Other Important Fossil Groups