Human Osteology and Bone Mechanics

  1. Fracture Classification and Healing
    1. Fracture Classification Systems
      1. Anatomical Classification
        1. Mechanism of Injury
          1. Fracture Pattern
            1. Displacement
              1. Stability
              2. Fracture Types by Etiology
                1. Traumatic Fractures
                  1. Pathological Fractures
                    1. Stress Fractures
                      1. Insufficiency Fractures
                      2. Fracture Healing Process
                        1. Inflammatory Phase
                          1. Hematoma Formation
                            1. Inflammatory Response
                              1. Cellular Recruitment
                              2. Reparative Phase
                                1. Soft Callus Formation
                                  1. Chondrogenesis
                                    1. Hard Callus Formation
                                      1. Endochondral Ossification
                                      2. Remodeling Phase
                                        1. Callus Remodeling
                                          1. Restoration of Anatomy
                                            1. Mechanical Property Recovery
                                          2. Factors Affecting Healing
                                            1. Patient Factors
                                              1. Age
                                                1. Nutrition
                                                  1. Hormonal Status
                                                    1. Comorbidities
                                                    2. Fracture Factors
                                                      1. Location
                                                        1. Pattern
                                                          1. Displacement
                                                            1. Soft Tissue Damage
                                                            2. Treatment Factors
                                                              1. Reduction
                                                                1. Fixation
                                                                  1. Immobilization
                                                                    1. Rehabilitation

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                                                                15. Bone Fracture Mechanics

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                                                                17. Methods for Studying Bone