DNA and Genetics

  1. Chromosome Organization and Structure
    1. Prokaryotic Chromosome Organization
      1. Nucleoid Structure
        1. DNA Packaging
          1. Supercoiling
            1. Nucleoid-Associated Proteins
            2. Plasmids
              1. Autonomous Replication
                1. Copy Number
                  1. Plasmid Types
                2. Eukaryotic Chromosome Structure
                  1. Chromatin Organization
                    1. DNA-Protein Complexes
                      1. Nucleosome Structure
                        1. Histone Octamer
                          1. DNA Wrapping
                            1. Linker DNA
                            2. Higher-Order Structure
                              1. 30-nm Fiber
                                1. Loop Domains
                                  1. Chromosome Condensation
                                2. Histone Proteins
                                  1. Core Histones
                                    1. H2A and H2B
                                      1. H3 and H4
                                      2. Linker Histone H1
                                        1. Histone Variants
                                        2. Chromatin States
                                          1. Euchromatin
                                            1. Open Chromatin
                                              1. Active Transcription
                                              2. Heterochromatin
                                                1. Constitutive Heterochromatin
                                                  1. Facultative Heterochromatin
                                                    1. Gene Silencing
                                                  2. Chromosome Morphology
                                                    1. Centromere Structure
                                                      1. Kinetochore Assembly
                                                        1. Centromeric DNA
                                                        2. Telomere Structure
                                                          1. Telomeric DNA Sequences
                                                            1. Telomerase Function
                                                              1. End-Replication Problem
                                                              2. Chromosome Arms
                                                                1. P Arm (Short)
                                                                  1. Q Arm (Long)
                                                                  2. Sister Chromatids
                                                                    1. Cohesion Proteins
                                                                      1. Separation Mechanisms
                                                                  3. Karyotype Analysis
                                                                    1. Chromosome Number
                                                                      1. Diploid Organisms
                                                                        1. Haploid Gametes
                                                                          1. Polyploidy
                                                                          2. Chromosome Classification
                                                                            1. Autosomes
                                                                              1. Sex Chromosomes
                                                                                1. XY System
                                                                                  1. ZW System
                                                                                    1. Environmental Sex Determination
                                                                                  2. Chromosomal Abnormalities
                                                                                    1. Numerical Abnormalities
                                                                                      1. Structural Abnormalities

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                                                                                  2. Structure and Chemistry of Genetic Material

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                                                                                  4. DNA Replication