DNA and Genetics

  1. Genetic Technologies and Applications
    1. Molecular Cloning
      1. Restriction Enzymes
        1. Recognition Sequences
          1. Cleavage Patterns
            1. Star Activity
            2. Vectors
              1. Plasmid Vectors
                1. Bacteriophage Vectors
                  1. Cosmid Vectors
                    1. YAC and BAC Vectors
                    2. Cloning Process
                      1. DNA Preparation
                        1. Ligation Reactions
                          1. Transformation
                            1. Selection and Screening
                          2. Polymerase Chain Reaction
                            1. PCR Principles
                              1. Denaturation
                                1. Annealing
                                  1. Extension
                                  2. PCR Components
                                    1. DNA Template
                                      1. Primers
                                        1. DNA Polymerase
                                          1. Nucleotides
                                          2. PCR Variations
                                            1. Real-Time PCR
                                              1. Reverse Transcription PCR
                                                1. Nested PCR
                                                  1. Multiplex PCR
                                                2. DNA Analysis Methods
                                                  1. Gel Electrophoresis
                                                    1. Agarose Gels
                                                      1. Polyacrylamide Gels
                                                        1. Capillary Electrophoresis
                                                        2. Southern Blotting
                                                          1. DNA Transfer
                                                            1. Hybridization
                                                              1. Detection Methods
                                                              2. DNA Fingerprinting
                                                                1. RFLP Analysis
                                                                  1. STR Analysis
                                                                    1. CODIS System
                                                                  2. Genetic Engineering
                                                                    1. Recombinant DNA Technology
                                                                      1. Gene Cloning
                                                                        1. Expression Vectors
                                                                          1. Protein Production
                                                                          2. Transgenic Organisms
                                                                            1. Transgenic Mice
                                                                              1. Transgenic Plants
                                                                                1. Gene Knockout
                                                                                  1. Gene Knockin
                                                                                  2. Gene Editing
                                                                                    1. CRISPR-Cas9 System
                                                                                      1. Guide RNA Design
                                                                                        1. Off-Target Effects
                                                                                          1. Base Editing
                                                                                            1. Prime Editing
                                                                                          2. Medical Genetics Applications
                                                                                            1. Genetic Testing
                                                                                              1. Diagnostic Testing
                                                                                                1. Predictive Testing
                                                                                                  1. Carrier Testing
                                                                                                    1. Pharmacogenetic Testing
                                                                                                    2. Gene Therapy
                                                                                                      1. Viral Vectors
                                                                                                        1. Non-Viral Delivery
                                                                                                          1. In Vivo vs Ex Vivo
                                                                                                            1. Clinical Trials
                                                                                                            2. Personalized Medicine
                                                                                                              1. Pharmacogenomics
                                                                                                                1. Biomarker Discovery
                                                                                                                  1. Precision Oncology
                                                                                                                2. Ethical and Social Issues
                                                                                                                  1. Genetic Privacy
                                                                                                                    1. Data Protection
                                                                                                                      1. Genetic Discrimination
                                                                                                                      2. Gene Editing Ethics
                                                                                                                        1. Somatic vs Germline Editing
                                                                                                                          1. Enhancement vs Treatment
                                                                                                                            1. Regulatory Frameworks
                                                                                                                            2. Genetic Counseling
                                                                                                                              1. Risk Assessment
                                                                                                                                1. Decision Support
                                                                                                                                  1. Psychological Support

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                                                                                                                              11. Genomics and Modern Genetics

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                                                                                                                              1. Introduction to Genetics