Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

  1. Synaptic Transmission
    1. Types of Synapses
      1. Electrical Synapses (Gap Junctions)
        1. Structure and Function
          1. Connexin Proteins
            1. Speed and Bidirectionality
              1. Regulation of Gap Junctions
              2. Chemical Synapses
                1. Synaptic Cleft
                  1. Unidirectional Transmission
                    1. Synaptic Delay
                  2. Principles of Chemical Synaptic Transmission
                    1. The Presynaptic Terminal
                      1. Synaptic Vesicles
                        1. Types of Vesicles
                          1. Vesicle Pools
                            1. Vesicle Recycling
                            2. Active Zones
                              1. Docking and Priming
                                1. Calcium Channel Localization
                              2. Neurotransmitter Synthesis and Storage
                                1. Enzymatic Pathways
                                  1. Vesicular Transporters
                                    1. Vesicle Loading
                                    2. Neurotransmitter Release
                                      1. Role of Calcium
                                        1. Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels
                                          1. Calcium Sensing
                                          2. The Synaptic Vesicle Cycle
                                            1. Docking
                                              1. Priming
                                                1. Fusion
                                                  1. Endocytosis
                                                    1. Recycling
                                                    2. SNARE Complex and Vesicle Fusion
                                                      1. Synaptotagmin
                                                        1. Synaptobrevin
                                                          1. Syntaxin
                                                            1. SNAP-25
                                                              1. Complexin
                                                              2. Calcium Cooperativity
                                                                1. Quantal Release
                                                                2. Neurotransmitter Receptors
                                                                  1. Ionotropic Receptors (Ligand-Gated Ion Channels)
                                                                    1. Structure and Function
                                                                      1. Gating Mechanisms
                                                                      2. Metabotropic Receptors (G-Protein-Coupled Receptors)
                                                                        1. Structure and Function
                                                                          1. Signaling Cascades
                                                                        2. Postsynaptic Potentials (PSPs)
                                                                          1. Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials (EPSPs)
                                                                            1. Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials (IPSPs)
                                                                              1. Reversal Potentials
                                                                                1. PSP Kinetics
                                                                                2. Neurotransmitter Recovery and Degradation
                                                                                  1. Reuptake by Transporters
                                                                                    1. Enzymatic Destruction
                                                                                      1. Diffusion Away from Synapse
                                                                                        1. Glial Uptake
                                                                                      2. Synaptic Integration
                                                                                        1. Summation of PSPs
                                                                                          1. Spatial Summation
                                                                                            1. Temporal Summation
                                                                                              1. Linear and Nonlinear Summation
                                                                                              2. Dendritic Properties and Synaptic Integration
                                                                                                1. Cable Properties
                                                                                                  1. Passive vs. Active Dendrites
                                                                                                    1. Dendritic Computation
                                                                                                    2. Shunting Inhibition
                                                                                                      1. Mechanism and Functional Role
                                                                                                        1. Divisive vs. Subtractive Inhibition
                                                                                                      2. Synaptic Modulation
                                                                                                        1. Presynaptic Modulation
                                                                                                          1. Postsynaptic Modulation
                                                                                                            1. Neuromodulation

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                                                                                                          4. The Action Potential

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                                                                                                          6. Neurotransmitter Systems