Post-Harvest Technology and Processing

  1. Harvesting and Field Handling
    1. Maturity Assessment and Indices
      1. Physical Maturity Indicators
        1. Size and Dimensional Changes
          1. Color Development Patterns
            1. Surface Texture Modifications
              1. Shape and Form Changes
              2. Chemical Maturity Indicators
                1. Sugar Content and Brix Levels
                  1. Acidity and pH Changes
                    1. Starch Content Variations
                      1. Oil Content in Seeds
                      2. Physiological Maturity Indicators
                        1. Respiration Rate Changes
                          1. Ethylene Production Levels
                            1. Enzyme Activity Patterns
                              1. Moisture Content Variations
                              2. Instrumental Maturity Assessment
                                1. Non-Destructive Testing Methods
                                  1. Spectroscopic Techniques
                                    1. Firmness Measurement
                                      1. Internal Quality Assessment
                                    2. Harvesting Techniques and Methods
                                      1. Manual Harvesting Systems
                                        1. Hand Picking Techniques
                                          1. Tool Selection and Use
                                            1. Labor Management
                                              1. Quality Control During Harvest
                                              2. Mechanical Harvesting Systems
                                                1. Combine Harvesters for Grains
                                                  1. Fruit and Vegetable Harvesters
                                                    1. Specialized Crop Harvesters
                                                      1. Machine Adjustment and Calibration
                                                      2. Harvesting Time Optimization
                                                        1. Weather Considerations
                                                          1. Market Timing Factors
                                                            1. Labor Availability
                                                              1. Storage Capacity Planning
                                                            2. Field Handling Operations
                                                              1. Collection and Consolidation
                                                                1. Field Collection Systems
                                                                  1. Temporary Storage Arrangements
                                                                    1. Handling Equipment Selection
                                                                    2. Initial Cleaning and Sorting
                                                                      1. Field Sorting Practices
                                                                        1. Debris Removal
                                                                          1. Preliminary Grading
                                                                          2. Packaging and Containerization
                                                                            1. Container Selection Criteria
                                                                              1. Filling and Packing Methods
                                                                                1. Ventilation Requirements
                                                                                  1. Protection from Environmental Stress
                                                                                  2. Transportation from Field
                                                                                    1. Vehicle Selection and Preparation
                                                                                      1. Loading and Securing Methods
                                                                                        1. Route Planning and Timing
                                                                                          1. Temperature Management During Transport

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                                                                                      3. Causes and Assessment of Post-Harvest Losses

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                                                                                      5. Preliminary Processing Operations