Post-Harvest Technology and Processing

  1. Causes and Assessment of Post-Harvest Losses
    1. Classification and Types of Losses
      1. Quantitative Losses
        1. Weight Loss Measurement
          1. Volume Loss Assessment
            1. Physical Deterioration
            2. Qualitative Losses
              1. Nutritional Degradation
                1. Aesthetic Quality Loss
                  1. Functional Property Changes
                    1. Market Value Reduction
                    2. Economic Losses
                      1. Direct Financial Impact
                        1. Opportunity Cost Assessment
                          1. Market Price Effects
                        2. Primary Causes of Post-Harvest Losses
                          1. Mechanical Damage
                            1. Impact and Compression Injuries
                              1. Abrasion and Skin Damage
                                1. Puncture and Cutting Wounds
                                  1. Vibration-Induced Damage
                                  2. Physiological Disorders
                                    1. Water Loss and Wilting
                                      1. Chilling Injury Symptoms
                                        1. Freezing Damage
                                          1. Heat Stress Effects
                                            1. Internal Breakdown
                                            2. Pathological Deterioration
                                              1. Fungal Infections and Diseases
                                                1. Bacterial Contamination
                                                  1. Viral Infections
                                                    1. Disease Development Conditions
                                                    2. Environmental Stress Factors
                                                      1. Temperature Fluctuations
                                                        1. Humidity Variations
                                                          1. Atmospheric Composition Changes
                                                        2. Loss Assessment Methodologies
                                                          1. Sampling Techniques and Protocols
                                                            1. Representative Sampling Methods
                                                              1. Sample Size Determination
                                                                1. Sampling Frequency
                                                                2. Physical Loss Measurement
                                                                  1. Weight-Based Assessments
                                                                    1. Volume Measurements
                                                                      1. Count-Based Methods
                                                                      2. Quality Loss Evaluation
                                                                        1. Visual Quality Scoring
                                                                          1. Instrumental Quality Assessment
                                                                            1. Sensory Evaluation Methods
                                                                            2. Data Collection and Analysis
                                                                              1. Statistical Analysis Methods
                                                                                1. Loss Calculation Formulas
                                                                                  1. Reporting Standards and Formats

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                                                                              2. Biological and Physiological Principles

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                                                                              4. Harvesting and Field Handling