Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology

  1. Major Classes of Environmental Contaminants and Their Toxicology
    1. Heavy Metals and Metalloids
      1. Lead
        1. Sources
          1. Historical Uses
            1. Current Sources
            2. Environmental Behavior
              1. Speciation
                1. Transport
                2. Toxic Effects
                  1. Neurological Effects
                    1. Developmental Effects
                      1. Cardiovascular Effects
                      2. Biomarkers of Exposure
                      3. Mercury
                        1. Inorganic Mercury
                          1. Sources
                            1. Toxicity
                            2. Methylmercury
                              1. Formation
                                1. Bioaccumulation
                                  1. Neurotoxicity
                                    1. Developmental Effects
                                    2. Environmental Cycling
                                    3. Cadmium
                                      1. Sources
                                        1. Environmental Behavior
                                          1. Toxic Effects
                                            1. Kidney Toxicity
                                              1. Bone Effects
                                                1. Carcinogenicity
                                              2. Arsenic
                                                1. Inorganic Arsenic
                                                  1. Sources
                                                    1. Speciation
                                                      1. Toxicity
                                                      2. Organic Arsenic
                                                        1. Forms
                                                          1. Toxicity
                                                          2. Carcinogenic Effects
                                                          3. Chromium
                                                            1. Chromium III
                                                              1. Essential Element
                                                                1. Low Toxicity
                                                                2. Chromium VI
                                                                  1. Sources
                                                                    1. Toxicity
                                                                      1. Carcinogenicity
                                                                  2. Pesticides
                                                                    1. Insecticides
                                                                      1. Organochlorines
                                                                        1. DDT
                                                                          1. Chlordane
                                                                            1. Environmental Persistence
                                                                              1. Bioaccumulation
                                                                              2. Organophosphates
                                                                                1. Mechanism of Action
                                                                                  1. Acute Toxicity
                                                                                    1. Chronic Effects
                                                                                    2. Carbamates
                                                                                      1. Mechanism of Action
                                                                                        1. Toxicity Profile
                                                                                        2. Pyrethroids
                                                                                          1. Natural and Synthetic
                                                                                            1. Mode of Action
                                                                                              1. Environmental Fate
                                                                                            2. Herbicides
                                                                                              1. Chlorophenoxy Compounds
                                                                                                1. Triazines
                                                                                                  1. Glyphosate
                                                                                                    1. Environmental Impact
                                                                                                    2. Fungicides
                                                                                                      1. Copper-Based Fungicides
                                                                                                        1. Organic Fungicides
                                                                                                          1. Environmental Impact
                                                                                                        2. Persistent Organic Pollutants
                                                                                                          1. Polychlorinated Biphenyls
                                                                                                            1. Historical Uses
                                                                                                              1. Environmental Fate
                                                                                                                1. Bioaccumulation
                                                                                                                  1. Toxicity
                                                                                                                    1. Endocrine Disruption
                                                                                                                      1. Carcinogenicity
                                                                                                                    2. Dioxins and Furans
                                                                                                                      1. Formation Processes
                                                                                                                        1. Environmental Sources
                                                                                                                          1. Toxic Equivalency Factors
                                                                                                                            1. Health Effects
                                                                                                                            2. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
                                                                                                                              1. Sources
                                                                                                                                1. Combustion Processes
                                                                                                                                  1. Petroleum Products
                                                                                                                                  2. Environmental Behavior
                                                                                                                                    1. Carcinogenic Potential
                                                                                                                                      1. Metabolic Activation
                                                                                                                                    2. Petroleum Hydrocarbons
                                                                                                                                      1. BTEX Compounds
                                                                                                                                        1. Benzene
                                                                                                                                          1. Sources
                                                                                                                                            1. Carcinogenicity
                                                                                                                                            2. Toluene
                                                                                                                                              1. Neurotoxicity
                                                                                                                                              2. Ethylbenzene
                                                                                                                                                1. Toxicity Profile
                                                                                                                                                2. Xylenes
                                                                                                                                                  1. Health Effects
                                                                                                                                                3. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
                                                                                                                                                  1. Environmental Fate
                                                                                                                                                    1. Volatilization
                                                                                                                                                      1. Biodegradation
                                                                                                                                                        1. Sorption
                                                                                                                                                        2. Toxicity Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                        3. Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals
                                                                                                                                                          1. Definition and Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                            1. Sources
                                                                                                                                                              1. Industrial Chemicals
                                                                                                                                                                1. Pesticides
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Pharmaceuticals
                                                                                                                                                                  2. Mechanisms of Disruption
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Hormone Mimicry
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Hormone Antagonism
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Hormone Synthesis Interference
                                                                                                                                                                        2. Effects on Organisms
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Reproductive Effects
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Developmental Effects
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Metabolic Effects
                                                                                                                                                                            2. Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Types of PPCPs
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Antibiotics
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Hormones
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Analgesics
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Personal Care Products
                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Environmental Occurrence
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Wastewater Treatment Plants
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Surface Waters
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Groundwater
                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Ecological Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Human Health Concerns
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Antibiotic Resistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Nanomaterials and Microplastics
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Types of Nanomaterials
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Carbon Nanotubes
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Quantum Dots
                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Sources of Microplastics
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Primary Sources
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Secondary Sources
                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Environmental Behavior
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Transport
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Transformation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Bioavailability
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Toxicological Concerns
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Cellular Uptake
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Inflammatory Responses
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Oxidative Stress

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Previous

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    7. Fundamental Principles of Toxicology

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Go to top

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Next

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    9. Ecotoxicology: Effects on Biological Systems