Cell Biology

  1. Gene Expression and Regulation
    1. Chromosome Structure and Organization
      1. Chromatin Structure
        1. Nucleosome Organization
          1. Histone Proteins
            1. Core Histones
              1. Linker Histones
              2. Chromatin Remodeling
                1. ATP-Dependent Remodeling
                  1. Histone Modifications
                2. Chromosome Packaging
                  1. Levels of Chromatin Compaction
                    1. Metaphase Chromosome Structure
                    2. Epigenetic Modifications
                      1. DNA Methylation
                        1. Histone Modifications
                          1. Acetylation
                            1. Methylation
                              1. Phosphorylation
                              2. Chromatin States
                                1. Euchromatin
                                  1. Heterochromatin
                              3. DNA Replication
                                1. Replication Mechanism
                                  1. Semiconservative Model
                                    1. Origin of Replication
                                      1. Replication Fork
                                      2. DNA Replication Enzymes
                                        1. DNA Helicase
                                          1. Single-Strand Binding Proteins
                                            1. DNA Primase
                                              1. DNA Polymerase
                                                1. DNA Ligase
                                                  1. Topoisomerases
                                                  2. Leading and Lagging Strand Synthesis
                                                    1. Continuous Synthesis
                                                      1. Okazaki Fragment Formation
                                                      2. DNA Proofreading and Repair
                                                        1. Exonuclease Activity
                                                          1. Mismatch Repair
                                                            1. Base Excision Repair
                                                              1. Nucleotide Excision Repair
                                                            2. Transcription
                                                              1. RNA Polymerases
                                                                1. RNA Polymerase II
                                                                  1. Promoter Recognition
                                                                  2. Transcription Initiation
                                                                    1. Promoter Elements
                                                                      1. Transcription Factors
                                                                        1. Mediator Complex
                                                                        2. Transcription Elongation
                                                                          1. RNA Polymerase Pausing
                                                                            1. Elongation Factors
                                                                            2. Transcription Termination
                                                                              1. Polyadenylation Signals
                                                                              2. RNA Processing
                                                                                1. 5' Capping
                                                                                  1. 3' Polyadenylation
                                                                                    1. Splicing
                                                                                      1. Spliceosome Assembly
                                                                                        1. Alternative Splicing
                                                                                        2. RNA Editing
                                                                                      2. Translation
                                                                                        1. Genetic Code
                                                                                          1. Codon Usage
                                                                                            1. Wobble Base Pairing
                                                                                              1. Start and Stop Codons
                                                                                              2. Transfer RNA
                                                                                                1. tRNA Structure
                                                                                                  1. Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases
                                                                                                    1. tRNA Charging
                                                                                                    2. Ribosome Function
                                                                                                      1. Ribosome Binding Sites
                                                                                                        1. Translation Initiation
                                                                                                          1. Initiation Factors
                                                                                                            1. Ribosome Assembly
                                                                                                            2. Translation Elongation
                                                                                                              1. Elongation Factors
                                                                                                                1. Peptide Bond Formation
                                                                                                                2. Translation Termination
                                                                                                                  1. Release Factors
                                                                                                                3. Post-Translational Modifications
                                                                                                                  1. Protein Folding
                                                                                                                    1. Chemical Modifications
                                                                                                                      1. Protein Targeting
                                                                                                                        1. Signal Sequences
                                                                                                                          1. Protein Sorting
                                                                                                                      2. Gene Expression Regulation
                                                                                                                        1. Transcriptional Control
                                                                                                                          1. Promoter Regulation
                                                                                                                            1. Enhancers and Silencers
                                                                                                                              1. Transcription Factor Networks
                                                                                                                                1. Chromatin Remodeling
                                                                                                                                2. Post-Transcriptional Control
                                                                                                                                  1. mRNA Stability
                                                                                                                                    1. MicroRNA Regulation
                                                                                                                                      1. RNA-Binding Proteins
                                                                                                                                      2. Translational Control
                                                                                                                                        1. Ribosome Binding
                                                                                                                                          1. Translation Initiation Factors
                                                                                                                                          2. Post-Translational Control
                                                                                                                                            1. Protein Modification
                                                                                                                                              1. Protein Degradation
                                                                                                                                                1. Ubiquitin-Proteasome System
                                                                                                                                                  1. Autophagy

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                                                                                                                                            7. Cell Cycle and Cell Division

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                                                                                                                                            9. Cell Death and Disease