Cell Biology

  1. Membrane Structure and Transport
    1. Membrane Structure
      1. Fluid Mosaic Model
        1. Lipid Bilayer Properties
          1. Membrane Protein Integration
            1. Dynamic Nature of Membranes
            2. Membrane Lipids
              1. Phospholipids
                1. Phosphatidylcholine
                  1. Phosphatidylserine
                    1. Phosphatidylethanolamine
                    2. Cholesterol
                      1. Membrane Fluidity Regulation
                      2. Sphingolipids
                        1. Membrane Rafts
                      3. Membrane Proteins
                        1. Integral Membrane Proteins
                          1. Transmembrane Proteins
                            1. Membrane Protein Topology
                            2. Peripheral Membrane Proteins
                              1. Membrane Association Mechanisms
                              2. Protein Functions
                                1. Transport
                                  1. Enzymatic Activity
                                    1. Signal Transduction
                                      1. Cell Recognition
                                    2. Membrane Carbohydrates
                                      1. Glycoproteins
                                        1. N-Linked Glycosylation
                                          1. O-Linked Glycosylation
                                          2. Glycolipids
                                            1. Gangliosides
                                            2. Glycocalyx
                                              1. Cell Recognition
                                                1. Protection
                                              2. Membrane Asymmetry
                                                1. Lipid Asymmetry
                                                  1. Protein Orientation
                                                    1. Functional Significance
                                                  2. Membrane Transport Mechanisms
                                                    1. Passive Transport
                                                      1. Simple Diffusion
                                                        1. Concentration Gradients
                                                          1. Factors Affecting Diffusion Rate
                                                            1. Permeability Coefficients
                                                            2. Facilitated Diffusion
                                                              1. Channel-Mediated Transport
                                                                1. Ion Channels
                                                                  1. Aquaporins
                                                                    1. Gated Channels
                                                                    2. Carrier-Mediated Transport
                                                                      1. Glucose Transporters
                                                                        1. Saturation Kinetics
                                                                    3. Osmosis and Water Balance
                                                                      1. Water Potential
                                                                        1. Solute Potential
                                                                          1. Pressure Potential
                                                                          2. Tonicity Effects
                                                                            1. Isotonic Conditions
                                                                              1. Hypertonic Conditions
                                                                                1. Hypotonic Conditions
                                                                                2. Osmoregulation
                                                                                  1. Cell Volume Regulation
                                                                                3. Active Transport
                                                                                  1. Primary Active Transport
                                                                                    1. ATP-Powered Pumps
                                                                                      1. Sodium-Potassium Pump
                                                                                        1. Calcium Pumps
                                                                                          1. Proton Pumps
                                                                                          2. Secondary Active Transport
                                                                                            1. Cotransport Mechanisms
                                                                                              1. Symporters
                                                                                                1. Antiporters
                                                                                                  1. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter
                                                                                                2. Bulk Transport
                                                                                                  1. Endocytosis
                                                                                                    1. Phagocytosis
                                                                                                      1. Mechanism and Regulation
                                                                                                      2. Pinocytosis
                                                                                                        1. Fluid-Phase Endocytosis
                                                                                                        2. Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis
                                                                                                          1. Clathrin-Coated Vesicles
                                                                                                            1. Receptor Recycling
                                                                                                          2. Exocytosis
                                                                                                            1. Constitutive Secretion
                                                                                                              1. Regulated Secretion
                                                                                                                1. Vesicle Fusion Mechanisms

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                                                                                                          3. Cell Structure and Organization

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                                                                                                          5. Cellular Energetics and Metabolism