Biostatistics

  1. Statistical Inference
    1. Estimation Theory
      1. Point Estimation
        1. Estimators and Estimates
          1. Properties of Estimators
            1. Unbiasedness
              1. Consistency
                1. Efficiency
                  1. Sufficiency
                2. Interval Estimation
                  1. Confidence Intervals
                    1. Concept and Interpretation
                      1. Construction Methods
                        1. Confidence Level Selection
                        2. Confidence Intervals for Means
                          1. Known vs Unknown Variance
                            1. Large vs Small Samples
                            2. Confidence Intervals for Proportions
                              1. Normal Approximation
                                1. Exact Methods
                                  1. Continuity Correction
                                  2. Factors Affecting Interval Width
                                    1. Sample Size
                                      1. Confidence Level
                                        1. Population Variability
                                    2. Hypothesis Testing Framework
                                      1. Null and Alternative Hypotheses
                                        1. Formulation and Types
                                          1. One-Sided vs Two-Sided Tests
                                          2. Test Statistics
                                            1. Definition and Properties
                                              1. Sampling Distributions
                                              2. Critical Values and Rejection Regions
                                                1. Determination Methods
                                                  1. Relationship to Significance Level
                                                  2. P-Values
                                                    1. Definition and Calculation
                                                      1. Interpretation Guidelines
                                                        1. Common Misinterpretations
                                                        2. Type I and Type II Errors
                                                          1. Definitions and Consequences
                                                            1. Error Rate Control
                                                              1. Relationship to Power
                                                              2. Statistical Power
                                                                1. Definition and Calculation
                                                                  1. Factors Affecting Power
                                                                    1. Power Analysis Applications
                                                                  2. Tests for Single Populations
                                                                    1. Tests for Population Mean
                                                                      1. One-Sample Z-Test
                                                                        1. Assumptions and Applications
                                                                          1. Test Statistic and P-Value
                                                                          2. One-Sample t-Test
                                                                            1. Assumptions and Applications
                                                                              1. Degrees of Freedom
                                                                                1. Comparison to Z-Test
                                                                              2. Tests for Population Proportion
                                                                                1. One-Sample Proportion Test
                                                                                  1. Normal Approximation
                                                                                    1. Exact Binomial Test
                                                                                      1. Continuity Correction
                                                                                  2. Tests for Two Populations
                                                                                    1. Comparing Two Means
                                                                                      1. Independent Samples t-Test
                                                                                        1. Equal Variances Assumption
                                                                                          1. Unequal Variances (Welch's Test)
                                                                                            1. Effect Size Measures
                                                                                            2. Paired Samples t-Test
                                                                                              1. When to Use
                                                                                                1. Assumptions and Interpretation
                                                                                                  1. Advantages over Independent Samples
                                                                                                2. Comparing Two Proportions
                                                                                                  1. Two-Sample Proportion Test
                                                                                                    1. Pooled vs Unpooled Estimates
                                                                                                      1. Chi-Square Test
                                                                                                        1. Fisher's Exact Test
                                                                                                        2. McNemar's Test
                                                                                                          1. Paired Proportions
                                                                                                            1. Applications in Before-After Studies

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                                                                                                      9. Bias and Confounding

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                                                                                                      11. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)