Bioreactor Design and Operation

  1. Instrumentation, Measurement, and Control
    1. Process Parameters
      1. Critical Process Parameters
        1. Temperature
          1. pH
            1. Dissolved Oxygen
              1. Pressure
                1. Agitation Speed
                  1. Gas Flow Rates
                  2. Quality Attributes
                    1. Biomass Concentration
                      1. Substrate Concentrations
                        1. Product Concentrations
                          1. Byproduct Levels
                            1. Viability
                            2. Environmental Parameters
                              1. Foam Level
                                1. Viscosity
                                  1. Conductivity
                                    1. Turbidity
                                  2. Sensor Technologies
                                    1. Temperature Measurement
                                      1. Resistance Temperature Detectors
                                        1. Thermocouples
                                          1. Thermistors
                                            1. Calibration Procedures
                                            2. pH Measurement
                                              1. Glass Electrodes
                                                1. Ion-Selective Electrodes
                                                  1. Maintenance Requirements
                                                    1. Calibration Standards
                                                    2. Dissolved Oxygen Measurement
                                                      1. Polarographic Electrodes
                                                        1. Galvanic Electrodes
                                                          1. Optical Sensors
                                                            1. Calibration Methods
                                                            2. Pressure Measurement
                                                              1. Absolute Pressure
                                                                1. Gauge Pressure
                                                                  1. Differential Pressure
                                                                    1. Sensor Selection
                                                                    2. Flow Measurement
                                                                      1. Mass Flow Controllers
                                                                        1. Volumetric Flow Meters
                                                                          1. Thermal Flow Sensors
                                                                          2. Level Measurement
                                                                            1. Capacitance Sensors
                                                                              1. Ultrasonic Sensors
                                                                                1. Load Cells
                                                                                2. Biomass Measurement
                                                                                  1. Turbidity Sensors
                                                                                    1. Capacitance Probes
                                                                                      1. Optical Density Meters
                                                                                        1. Cell Counting Systems
                                                                                        2. Gas Analysis
                                                                                          1. Oxygen Analyzers
                                                                                            1. Carbon Dioxide Analyzers
                                                                                              1. Mass Spectrometry
                                                                                                1. Gas Chromatography
                                                                                              2. Control System Architecture
                                                                                                1. Control Hardware
                                                                                                  1. Programmable Logic Controllers
                                                                                                    1. Distributed Control Systems
                                                                                                      1. Single-Loop Controllers
                                                                                                        1. Input/Output Modules
                                                                                                        2. Control Software
                                                                                                          1. SCADA Systems
                                                                                                            1. Human-Machine Interfaces
                                                                                                              1. Data Historians
                                                                                                                1. Alarm Management
                                                                                                                2. Communication Networks
                                                                                                                  1. Fieldbus Systems
                                                                                                                    1. Ethernet Networks
                                                                                                                      1. Wireless Systems
                                                                                                                    2. Control Strategies
                                                                                                                      1. Basic Control Loops
                                                                                                                        1. Proportional Control
                                                                                                                          1. Integral Control
                                                                                                                            1. Derivative Control
                                                                                                                              1. PID Tuning Methods
                                                                                                                              2. Advanced Control
                                                                                                                                1. Cascade Control
                                                                                                                                  1. Feedforward Control
                                                                                                                                    1. Ratio Control
                                                                                                                                      1. Override Control
                                                                                                                                      2. Model-Based Control
                                                                                                                                        1. Model Predictive Control
                                                                                                                                          1. Adaptive Control
                                                                                                                                            1. Fuzzy Logic Control
                                                                                                                                              1. Neural Network Control
                                                                                                                                            2. Process Analytical Technology
                                                                                                                                              1. Real-Time Monitoring
                                                                                                                                                1. Spectroscopic Methods
                                                                                                                                                  1. Chromatographic Methods
                                                                                                                                                    1. Mass Spectrometry
                                                                                                                                                    2. Multivariate Analysis
                                                                                                                                                      1. Principal Component Analysis
                                                                                                                                                        1. Partial Least Squares
                                                                                                                                                          1. Pattern Recognition
                                                                                                                                                          2. Quality by Design Implementation
                                                                                                                                                            1. Design Space Definition
                                                                                                                                                              1. Control Strategy Development
                                                                                                                                                                1. Continuous Verification

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                                                                                                                                                            5. Bioreactor Design and Construction

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                                                                                                                                                            7. Modes of Bioreactor Operation