Battery Technology

  1. Battery Lifecycle Management
    1. Manufacturing Processes
      1. Electrode Preparation
        1. Slurry Mixing
          1. Coating Processes
            1. Drying and Calendering
            2. Cell Assembly
              1. Slitting and Cutting
                1. Winding and Stacking
                  1. Tab Welding
                  2. Cell Finishing
                    1. Electrolyte Filling
                      1. Sealing Processes
                        1. Formation Cycling
                          1. Aging and Testing
                        2. Quality Control and Testing
                          1. Performance Testing
                            1. Capacity Testing
                              1. Power Testing
                                1. Efficiency Testing
                                2. Reliability Testing
                                  1. Cycle Life Testing
                                    1. Calendar Life Testing
                                      1. Accelerated Aging
                                      2. Safety Testing
                                        1. Mechanical Abuse Testing
                                          1. Electrical Abuse Testing
                                            1. Thermal Abuse Testing
                                          2. Degradation Mechanisms
                                            1. Solid Electrolyte Interphase Growth
                                              1. Formation Process
                                                1. Continued Growth
                                                  1. Capacity Loss
                                                  2. Lithium Plating
                                                    1. Causes and Conditions
                                                      1. Safety Implications
                                                        1. Detection Methods
                                                        2. Active Material Degradation
                                                          1. Cathode Material Changes
                                                            1. Anode Material Loss
                                                              1. Structural Deterioration
                                                              2. Electrolyte Decomposition
                                                                1. Gas Generation
                                                                  1. Conductivity Loss
                                                                    1. Additive Consumption
                                                                  2. End-of-Life Management
                                                                    1. Performance Assessment
                                                                      1. Capacity Testing
                                                                        1. Safety Evaluation
                                                                        2. Second-Life Applications
                                                                          1. Stationary Energy Storage
                                                                            1. Low-Power Applications
                                                                              1. Grid Services
                                                                              2. Recycling Processes
                                                                                1. Pyrometallurgy
                                                                                  1. High-Temperature Processing
                                                                                    1. Metal Recovery
                                                                                    2. Hydrometallurgy
                                                                                      1. Leaching Processes
                                                                                        1. Precipitation and Purification
                                                                                        2. Direct Recycling
                                                                                          1. Component Recovery
                                                                                            1. Material Regeneration

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                                                                                      6. Battery Pack and System Engineering

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                                                                                      8. Emerging and Future Battery Technologies