Aqueous Geochemistry

  1. Isotope Geochemistry in Aqueous Systems
    1. Principles of Isotope Geochemistry
      1. Stable Isotopes
        1. Mass Differences
          1. Natural Abundances
          2. Radioactive Isotopes
            1. Decay Processes
              1. Half-Lives
              2. Isotope Fractionation
                1. Equilibrium Fractionation
                  1. Kinetic Fractionation
                    1. Mass-Dependent Fractionation
                    2. Delta Notation
                      1. Definition and Calculation
                        1. Standard Reference Materials
                          1. Interpretation of δ Values
                        2. Stable Isotopes as Tracers
                          1. Oxygen Isotopes
                            1. δ18O in Water
                              1. Temperature Effects
                                1. Evaporation Effects
                                  1. Precipitation Patterns
                                  2. Hydrogen Isotopes
                                    1. δD in Water
                                      1. The Global Meteoric Water Line
                                        1. Local Meteoric Water Lines
                                          1. Evaporation Effects
                                            1. Paleoclimate Applications
                                            2. Carbon Isotopes
                                              1. δ13C in Dissolved Inorganic Carbon
                                                1. Atmospheric CO2 Sources
                                                  1. Biological Processes
                                                    1. Carbonate Precipitation
                                                    2. Sulfur Isotopes
                                                      1. δ34S in Sulfate
                                                        1. Bacterial Sulfate Reduction
                                                          1. Source Identification
                                                            1. Pyrite Oxidation
                                                            2. Nitrogen Isotopes
                                                              1. δ15N in Nitrate
                                                                1. Nitrification and Denitrification
                                                                  1. Source Identification
                                                                    1. Agricultural Impacts
                                                                    2. Strontium Isotopes
                                                                      1. 87Sr/86Sr Ratios
                                                                        1. Water-Rock Interaction
                                                                          1. Source Tracing
                                                                        2. Radioactive Isotopes as Chronometers and Tracers
                                                                          1. Tritium for Young Groundwater Dating
                                                                            1. Production and Decay
                                                                              1. Bomb Tritium Peak
                                                                                1. Detection Methods
                                                                                  1. Age Calculations
                                                                                  2. Carbon-14 for Older Groundwater Dating
                                                                                    1. Production and Decay
                                                                                      1. Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Dating
                                                                                        1. Corrections and Limitations
                                                                                          1. Age Range
                                                                                          2. Radon for Groundwater-Surface Water Interaction
                                                                                            1. Production from Radium Decay
                                                                                              1. Short Half-Life
                                                                                                1. Measurement Techniques
                                                                                                2. Other Radioisotopes
                                                                                                  1. Chlorine-36
                                                                                                    1. Helium Isotopes
                                                                                                      1. Noble Gas Dating
                                                                                                    2. Applications in Hydrology
                                                                                                      1. Source Identification
                                                                                                        1. Mixing Calculations
                                                                                                          1. Residence Time Determination
                                                                                                            1. Paleoclimate Reconstruction
                                                                                                              1. Contamination Studies

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                                                                                                            8. Geochemistry of Natural Water Systems

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                                                                                                            10. Environmental and Applied Aqueous Geochemistry