Theorems about algebras | Quadratic forms | Composition algebras | Non-associative algebras | Representation theory
In mathematics, Hurwitz's theorem is a theorem of Adolf Hurwitz (1859–1919), published posthumously in 1923, solving the Hurwitz problem for finite-dimensional unital real non-associative algebras endowed with a positive-definite quadratic form. The theorem states that if the quadratic form defines a homomorphism into the positive real numbers on the non-zero part of the algebra, then the algebra must be isomorphic to the real numbers, the complex numbers, the quaternions, or the octonions. Such algebras, sometimes called Hurwitz algebras, are examples of composition algebras. The theory of composition algebras has subsequently been generalized to arbitrary quadratic forms and arbitrary fields. Hurwitz's theorem implies that multiplicative formulas for sums of squares can only occur in 1, 2, 4 and 8 dimensions, a result originally proved by Hurwitz in 1898. It is a special case of the Hurwitz problem, solved also in . Subsequent proofs of the restrictions on the dimension have been given by using the representation theory of finite groups and by and using Clifford algebras. Hurwitz's theorem has been applied in algebraic topology to problems on vector fields on spheres and the homotopy groups of the classical groups and in quantum mechanics to the classification of simple Jordan algebras. (Wikipedia).
Maxim Kazarian - 3/3 Mathematical Physics of Hurwitz numbers
Hurwitz numbers enumerate ramified coverings of a sphere. Equivalently, they can be expressed in terms of combinatorics of the symmetric group; they enumerate factorizations of permutations as products of transpositions. It turns out that these numbers obey a huge num
From playlist Physique mathématique des nombres de Hurwitz pour débutants
Maxim Kazarian - 2/3 Mathematical Physics of Hurwitz numbers
Hurwitz numbers enumerate ramified coverings of a sphere. Equivalently, they can be expressed in terms of combinatorics of the symmetric group; they enumerate factorizations of permutations as products of transpositions. It turns out that these numbers obey a huge num
From playlist Physique mathématique des nombres de Hurwitz pour débutants
Maxim Kazarian - 1/3 Mathematical Physics of Hurwitz numbers
Hurwitz numbers enumerate ramified coverings of a sphere. Equivalently, they can be expressed in terms of combinatorics of the symmetric group; they enumerate factorizations of permutations as products of transpositions. It turns out that these numbers obey a huge num
From playlist Physique mathématique des nombres de Hurwitz pour débutants
Algebraic geometry 45: Hurwitz curves
This lecture is part of an online algebraic geometry course, based on chapter I of "Algebraic geometry" by Hartshorne. It discusses Hurwitz curves and sketches a proof of Hurwitz's bound for the symmetry group of a complex curve.
From playlist Algebraic geometry I: Varieties
Math 135 Complex Analysis Lecture 26 043015: Properties of Holomorphic Functions
Proof of "locally n-to-1" lemma using Rouché's theorem; Hurwitz's theorem on the zeroes of a (almost uniform) limit of analytic functions; consequences.
From playlist Course 8: Complex Analysis
Dimitri Zvonkine - On two ELSV formulas
The ELSV formula (discovered by Ekedahl, Lando, Shapiro and Vainshtein) is an equality between two numbers. The first one is a Hurwitz number that can be defined as the number of factorizations of a given permutation into transpositions. The second is the integral of a characteristic class
From playlist 4th Itzykson Colloquium - Moduli Spaces and Quantum Curves
Rahul Pandharipande - Enumerative Geometry of Curves, Maps, and Sheaves 2/5
The main topics will be the intersection theory of tautological classes on moduli space of curves, the enumeration of stable maps via Gromov-Witten theory, and the enumeration of sheaves via Donaldson-Thomas theory. I will cover a mix of classical and modern results. My goal will be, by th
From playlist 2021 IHES Summer School - Enumerative Geometry, Physics and Representation Theory
[BOURBAKI 2019] Homology of Hurwitz spaces and the Cohen–Lenstra (...)- Randal-Williams - 15/06/19
Oscar RANDAL-WILLIAMS Homology of Hurwitz spaces and the Cohen–Lenstra heuristic for function fields, after Ellenberg, Venkatesh, and Westerland Ellenberg, Venkatesh, and Westerland have established a weak form of the function field analogue of the Cohen–Lenstra heuristic, on the distrib
From playlist BOURBAKI - 2019
Edray Goins, Critical points of toroidal Belyi maps
VaNTAGe seminar, August 31, 2021 License CC-BY-NC-SA
From playlist Belyi maps and Hurwitz spaces
David Roberts, Hurwitz Belyi maps
VaNTAGe seminar, October 12, 2021 License: CC-BY-NC-SA
From playlist Belyi maps and Hurwitz spaces
Dimitri Zvonkine - Hurwitz numbers, the ELSV formula, and the topological recursion
We will use the example of Hurwitz numbers to make an introduction into the intersection theory of moduli spaces of curves and into the subject of topological recursion.
From playlist Physique mathématique des nombres de Hurwitz pour débutants
Weil conjectures 1 Introduction
This talk is the first of a series of talks on the Weil conejctures. We recall properties of the Riemann zeta function, and describe how Artin used these to motivate the definition of the zeta function of a curve over a finite field. We then describe Weil's generalization of this to varie
From playlist Algebraic geometry: extra topics
An asymptotic for the growth of Markoff-Hurwitz tuples - Ryan Ronan
Special Seminar Topic: An asymptotic for the growth of Markoff-Hurwitz tuples Speaker: Ryan Ronan Affiliation: Baruch College, The City University of New York Date: December 8, 2017 For more videos, please visit http://video.ias.edu
From playlist Mathematics
Billiards in quadrilaterals, Hurwitz spaces, and real multiplication of Hecke type - Alex Wright
Members' Seminar Topic: Billiards in quadrilaterals, Hurwitz spaces, and real multiplication of Hecke type Speaker: Alexander Wright Affiliation: Stanford University; Member, School of Mathematics Monday, November 30 Video Link: https://video.ias.edu/membsem/2015/1130-Wright After a brief
From playlist Mathematics
John Voight, Belyi maps in number theory: a survey
VaNTAGe Seminar, August 17, 2021 License CC-BY-NC-SA
From playlist Belyi maps and Hurwitz spaces
Algebraic geometry 46: Examples of Hurwitz curves
This lecture is part of an online algebraic geometry course, based on chapter I of "Algebraic geometry" by Hartshorne. It gives examples of complex curves of genus 2 and 3 with the largest possible symmetry groups .
From playlist Algebraic geometry I: Varieties
David Zureick-Brown, Moduli spaces and arithmetic statistics
VaNTAGe seminar on March 3, 2020 License: CC-BY-NC-SA Closed captions provided by Andrew Sutherland.
From playlist Class groups of number fields
Andrea Pulita: An overview on some recent results about p-adic differential equations ...
Abstract: I will give an introductory talk on my recent results about p-adic differential equations on Berkovich curves, most of them in collaboration with J. Poineau. This includes the continuity of the radii of convergence of the equation, the finiteness of their controlling graphs, the
From playlist Algebraic and Complex Geometry