Separation Processes

  1. Process Selection and Synthesis
    1. Separation Process Selection
      1. Feasibility Analysis
        1. Thermodynamic Feasibility
          1. Kinetic Feasibility
          2. Material Properties
            1. Physical Properties
              1. Chemical Properties
                1. Thermal Stability
                2. Product Specifications
                  1. Purity Requirements
                    1. Recovery Targets
                    2. Process Constraints
                      1. Temperature Limitations
                        1. Pressure Limitations
                          1. Environmental Constraints
                        2. Heuristics for Separator Selection
                          1. Property-Based Selection
                            1. Phase Behavior Considerations
                              1. Separation Difficulty
                                1. Energy Requirements
                                2. Economic Analysis
                                  1. Capital Costs
                                    1. Equipment Costs
                                      1. Installation Costs
                                      2. Operating Costs
                                        1. Utilities
                                          1. Labor
                                            1. Maintenance
                                              1. Raw Materials
                                              2. Cost-Benefit Analysis
                                                1. Net Present Value
                                                  1. Payback Period
                                                  2. Process Optimization
                                                    1. Objective Functions
                                                      1. Optimization Variables
                                                        1. Constraints
                                                          1. Optimization Methods
                                                            1. Linear Programming
                                                              1. Nonlinear Programming
                                                                1. Evolutionary Algorithms
                                                              2. Energy Integration
                                                                1. Heat Integration
                                                                  1. Heat Exchanger Networks
                                                                    1. Utility Requirements
                                                                    2. Pinch Analysis
                                                                      1. Temperature-Enthalpy Diagrams
                                                                        1. Pinch Point Identification
                                                                          1. Heat Recovery Maximization
                                                                          2. Energy Recovery
                                                                            1. Heat Pumps
                                                                              1. Mechanical Vapor Recompression
                                                                            2. Hybrid Separation Processes
                                                                              1. Combination Strategies
                                                                                1. Synergistic Effects
                                                                                  1. Examples
                                                                                    1. Distillation-Membrane Hybrids
                                                                                      1. Extraction-Distillation
                                                                                        1. Adsorption-Distillation
                                                                                      2. Process Intensification
                                                                                        1. Reactive Separations
                                                                                          1. Microstructured Equipment
                                                                                            1. Integrated Processes
                                                                                            2. Environmental Considerations
                                                                                              1. Waste Minimization
                                                                                                1. Green Solvents
                                                                                                  1. Emissions Control
                                                                                                    1. Life Cycle Assessment
                                                                                                    2. Safety and Risk Assessment
                                                                                                      1. Hazard Identification
                                                                                                        1. Risk Analysis
                                                                                                          1. Safety Systems
                                                                                                            1. Process Safety Management

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                                                                                                          12. Chromatographic Separations

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                                                                                                          1. Introduction to Separation Processes