Political Geography

  1. Nations, Nationalism, and the Nation-State
    1. The Concept of the Nation
      1. Defining Nationhood
        1. Shared Culture
          1. Common Language
            1. Historical Narrative
              1. Collective Identity
              2. Differentiating State and Nation
                1. Political vs Cultural Units
                  1. Overlapping Boundaries
                    1. Mismatched Territories
                    2. Ethnic Nationalism
                      1. Blood and Soil Ideology
                        1. Cultural Homogeneity
                          1. Exclusionary Practices
                          2. Civic Nationalism
                            1. Citizenship-Based Identity
                              1. Inclusive Membership
                                1. Constitutional Patriotism
                              2. Nationalism as a Political Force
                                1. Centripetal Forces
                                  1. Shared Language
                                    1. Official Languages
                                      1. Language Policies
                                        1. Linguistic Unity
                                        2. Common History
                                          1. National Narratives
                                            1. Collective Memory
                                              1. Historical Education
                                              2. National Symbols and Myths
                                                1. Flags and Anthems
                                                  1. National Heroes
                                                    1. Founding Myths
                                                  2. Centrifugal Forces
                                                    1. Ethnic and Religious Divisions
                                                      1. Minority Rights
                                                        1. Religious Conflicts
                                                          1. Cultural Tensions
                                                          2. Regionalism and Separatism
                                                            1. Regional Identities
                                                              1. Economic Disparities
                                                                1. Political Autonomy
                                                            2. Geographic Expressions of Nationhood
                                                              1. The Nation-State Ideal
                                                                1. Homogeneity and State Boundaries
                                                                  1. Cultural Uniformity
                                                                    1. Territorial Correspondence
                                                                      1. Assimilation Policies
                                                                    2. Multinational States
                                                                      1. Internal Diversity
                                                                        1. Multiple Ethnic Groups
                                                                          1. Language Diversity
                                                                            1. Religious Pluralism
                                                                            2. Management of Pluralism
                                                                              1. Federal Arrangements
                                                                                1. Autonomy Agreements
                                                                                  1. Power-Sharing
                                                                                2. Multi-state Nations
                                                                                  1. Nations Across Borders
                                                                                    1. Divided Peoples
                                                                                      1. Cross-Border Connections
                                                                                        1. Transnational Identity
                                                                                      2. Stateless Nations
                                                                                        1. Lack of Sovereign State
                                                                                          1. Dispersed Populations
                                                                                            1. Political Marginalization
                                                                                              1. Cultural Preservation
                                                                                            2. Irredentism
                                                                                              1. Claims to External Territories
                                                                                                1. Historical Claims
                                                                                                  1. Ethnic Justifications
                                                                                                    1. Territorial Disputes
                                                                                                  2. Separatism
                                                                                                    1. Movements for Independence
                                                                                                      1. Secessionist Politics
                                                                                                        1. Self-Determination
                                                                                                          1. International Support

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                                                                                                    2. The State as a Political-Geographic Unit

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                                                                                                    4. Boundaries and Frontiers