Oxygen Isotope Systematics

  1. Paleoclimatic Applications
    1. Proxy Concepts
      1. Definition of Climate Proxies
        1. Proxy Validation
          1. Calibration Requirements
            1. Resolution and Sensitivity
              1. Preservation Potential
              2. Temperature Reconstruction Principles
                1. Isotope Thermometry Theory
                  1. Calibration Approaches
                    1. Empirical Calibrations
                      1. Theoretical Calculations
                        1. Culture Experiments
                        2. Uncertainty Quantification
                          1. Validation Methods
                          2. Ice Core Records
                            1. Ice Formation Processes
                              1. Snow Accumulation
                                1. Firn Densification
                                  1. Ice Crystal Preservation
                                  2. Isotope-Temperature Relationships
                                    1. Local Temperature Effects
                                      1. Seasonal Bias
                                        1. Post-Depositional Changes
                                        2. Greenland Ice Cores
                                          1. Site Characteristics
                                            1. Temperature Reconstructions
                                              1. Rapid Climate Changes
                                              2. Antarctic Ice Cores
                                                1. Site Characteristics
                                                  1. Temperature Records
                                                    1. Ice Volume Corrections
                                                    2. Resolution and Dating
                                                      1. Analytical Considerations
                                                      2. Marine Sediment Records
                                                        1. Foraminiferal Calcite
                                                          1. Shell Formation Processes
                                                            1. Vital Effects
                                                              1. Preservation Issues
                                                              2. Planktonic Foraminifera
                                                                1. Habitat and Ecology
                                                                  1. Sea Surface Temperature Proxies
                                                                    1. Seasonal Bias
                                                                      1. Species-Specific Effects
                                                                      2. Benthic Foraminifera
                                                                        1. Deep Water Temperature
                                                                          1. Global Ice Volume Effects
                                                                            1. Carbonate Ion Effects
                                                                            2. Ice Volume Corrections
                                                                              1. Glacial-Interglacial Changes
                                                                                1. Sea Level Relationships
                                                                                  1. Correction Methods
                                                                                  2. Age Model Development
                                                                                    1. Dissolution Effects
                                                                                    2. Speleothem Records
                                                                                      1. Cave Environment
                                                                                        1. Temperature Stability
                                                                                          1. Humidity Conditions
                                                                                            1. Ventilation Effects
                                                                                            2. Calcite Precipitation
                                                                                              1. Equilibrium Conditions
                                                                                                1. Kinetic Effects
                                                                                                  1. Growth Rate Influences
                                                                                                  2. Isotope Systematics
                                                                                                    1. Cave Air Temperature
                                                                                                      1. Meteoric Water Source
                                                                                                        1. Evaporation Effects
                                                                                                          1. Prior Calcite Precipitation
                                                                                                          2. Dating Methods
                                                                                                            1. Resolution Capabilities
                                                                                                              1. Environmental Interpretations
                                                                                                              2. Lake Sediment Records
                                                                                                                1. Carbonate Formation
                                                                                                                  1. Authigenic Precipitation
                                                                                                                    1. Biogenic Carbonates
                                                                                                                      1. Detrital Components
                                                                                                                      2. Ostracod Shells
                                                                                                                        1. Ecology and Habitat
                                                                                                                          1. Shell Chemistry
                                                                                                                            1. Vital Effects
                                                                                                                            2. Lake Water Balance
                                                                                                                              1. Evaporation Effects
                                                                                                                                1. Inflow Variations
                                                                                                                                  1. Residence Time
                                                                                                                                  2. Temperature Reconstructions
                                                                                                                                    1. Hydrological Interpretations
                                                                                                                                    2. Terrestrial Archives
                                                                                                                                      1. Tree Ring Cellulose
                                                                                                                                        1. Cellulose Formation
                                                                                                                                          1. Source Water Relationships
                                                                                                                                            1. Leaf Water Enrichment
                                                                                                                                              1. Climate Signals
                                                                                                                                              2. Soil Carbonates
                                                                                                                                                1. Formation Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                  1. Soil Temperature
                                                                                                                                                    1. Soil Water Sources
                                                                                                                                                      1. Preservation Issues

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                                                                                                                                                  4. Oxygen Isotopes in the Hydrologic Cycle

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                                                                                                                                                  6. Geological and Petrological Applications