Nuclear Safety and Waste Management

  1. Operational Safety and Accident Analysis
    1. Normal Plant Operation
      1. Technical Specifications
        1. Operating Limits and Conditions
          1. Safety Limits
            1. Limiting Safety System Settings
              1. Limiting Conditions for Operation
              2. Surveillance Requirements
                1. Testing Frequencies
                  1. Acceptance Criteria
                  2. Administrative Controls
                    1. Organization
                      1. Procedures
                        1. Reporting Requirements
                      2. Operating Procedures
                        1. Standard Operating Procedures
                          1. Startup Procedures
                            1. Normal Operation
                              1. Shutdown Procedures
                              2. Emergency Operating Procedures
                                1. Event-Based Procedures
                                  1. Symptom-Based Procedures
                                  2. Abnormal Operating Procedures
                                    1. Equipment Malfunctions
                                      1. Off-Normal Conditions
                                    2. Maintenance and Surveillance
                                      1. Preventive Maintenance
                                        1. Scheduled Maintenance
                                          1. Predictive Maintenance
                                          2. Condition Monitoring
                                            1. Vibration Monitoring
                                              1. Thermal Monitoring
                                                1. Performance Monitoring
                                                2. In-Service Inspection
                                                  1. Non-Destructive Testing
                                                    1. Pressure Testing
                                                      1. Visual Inspection
                                                  2. Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA)
                                                    1. PSA Methodology
                                                      1. Systems Analysis
                                                        1. Data Analysis
                                                          1. Uncertainty Analysis
                                                          2. Level 1 PSA: Core Damage Frequency
                                                            1. Initiating Events
                                                              1. Internal Events
                                                                1. External Events
                                                                  1. Event Frequency Estimation
                                                                  2. System Reliability Analysis
                                                                    1. Fault Tree Analysis
                                                                      1. Component Reliability Data
                                                                      2. Human Reliability Analysis
                                                                        1. Human Error Probabilities
                                                                          1. Performance Shaping Factors
                                                                        2. Level 2 PSA: Large Early Release Frequency
                                                                          1. Containment Performance
                                                                            1. Containment Event Trees
                                                                              1. Phenomenological Analysis
                                                                              2. Release Pathways
                                                                                1. Containment Bypass
                                                                                  1. Containment Failure
                                                                                  2. Source Term Analysis
                                                                                    1. Fission Product Release
                                                                                      1. Transport and Retention
                                                                                    2. Level 3 PSA: Public Health Consequences
                                                                                      1. Off-site Consequence Analysis
                                                                                        1. Atmospheric Dispersion
                                                                                          1. Exposure Pathways
                                                                                          2. Population Dose Assessment
                                                                                            1. Individual and Collective Dose
                                                                                              1. Health Effects
                                                                                              2. Economic Impact Assessment
                                                                                                1. Property Damage
                                                                                                  1. Relocation Costs
                                                                                                2. Fault Tree and Event Tree Analysis
                                                                                                  1. Logic Modeling
                                                                                                    1. Boolean Logic
                                                                                                      1. Minimal Cut Sets
                                                                                                      2. Quantification Techniques
                                                                                                        1. Monte Carlo Simulation
                                                                                                          1. Analytical Methods
                                                                                                      3. Deterministic Safety Analysis
                                                                                                        1. Analysis Methodology
                                                                                                          1. Conservative Assumptions
                                                                                                            1. Acceptance Criteria
                                                                                                            2. Design Basis Accidents (DBA)
                                                                                                              1. Loss-of-Coolant Accident (LOCA)
                                                                                                                1. Small Break LOCA
                                                                                                                  1. Break Size Definition
                                                                                                                    1. System Response
                                                                                                                    2. Large Break LOCA
                                                                                                                      1. Double-Ended Guillotine Break
                                                                                                                        1. Blowdown Analysis
                                                                                                                        2. LOCA Analysis Methods
                                                                                                                          1. Thermal-Hydraulic Codes
                                                                                                                            1. Acceptance Criteria
                                                                                                                          2. Loss-of-Flow Accident (LOFA)
                                                                                                                            1. Pump Coastdown
                                                                                                                              1. Natural Circulation
                                                                                                                              2. Reactivity Initiated Accidents (RIA)
                                                                                                                                1. Control Rod Ejection
                                                                                                                                  1. Boron Dilution
                                                                                                                                  2. Steam Generator Tube Rupture (SGTR)
                                                                                                                                    1. Primary-to-Secondary Leakage
                                                                                                                                      1. Operator Actions
                                                                                                                                      2. Anticipated Transients Without Scram (ATWS)
                                                                                                                                        1. Failure to Trip
                                                                                                                                          1. Mitigation Systems
                                                                                                                                        2. Beyond Design Basis Accidents (BDBA)
                                                                                                                                          1. Severe Accident Scenarios
                                                                                                                                            1. Station Blackout
                                                                                                                                              1. Multiple System Failures
                                                                                                                                              2. Accident Progression Analysis
                                                                                                                                                1. Phenomenological Modeling
                                                                                                                                                  1. Uncertainty Assessment
                                                                                                                                              3. Severe Accident Phenomena and Management
                                                                                                                                                1. Core Degradation Process
                                                                                                                                                  1. Core Uncovery and Heat-up
                                                                                                                                                    1. Decay Heat Generation
                                                                                                                                                      1. Heat Transfer Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                      2. Fuel Degradation
                                                                                                                                                        1. Cladding Oxidation
                                                                                                                                                          1. Fuel Melting
                                                                                                                                                          2. Zirconium-Water Reaction
                                                                                                                                                            1. Hydrogen Generation
                                                                                                                                                              1. Heat Generation
                                                                                                                                                            2. Core Melt Progression
                                                                                                                                                              1. Relocation of Molten Material
                                                                                                                                                                1. Corium Formation
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Debris Bed Formation
                                                                                                                                                                  2. Vessel Failure
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Lower Head Failure
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Corium Discharge
                                                                                                                                                                    2. Ex-Vessel Phenomena
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Molten Core-Concrete Interaction (MCCI)
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Concrete Ablation
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Gas Generation
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Aerosol Generation
                                                                                                                                                                            2. Corium Spreading
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Cavity Flooding
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Coolability
                                                                                                                                                                              2. Hydrogen Generation and Mitigation
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Sources of Hydrogen
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Zirconium Oxidation
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Radiolysis
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. MCCI
                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Mitigation Strategies
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Igniter Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Recombiners
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Venting
                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Fission Product Release and Transport
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Release Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Gap Release
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Early In-Vessel Release
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Late In-Vessel Release
                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Containment Retention
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Aerosol Removal
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Iodine Chemistry
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Revaporization
                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Severe Accident Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Accident Management Guidelines
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Preventive Measures
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Mitigative Measures
                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Severe Accident Mitigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Core Cooling Strategies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Containment Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                            3. Emergency Preparedness and Response
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Emergency Planning Framework
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Emergency Classification
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Notification of Unusual Event
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Alert
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Site Area Emergency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. General Emergency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. On-site Emergency Plans
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Emergency Planning Zones
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Exclusion Area
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Low Population Zone
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Emergency Response Teams
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Emergency Response Organization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Technical Support Center
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Operations Support Center
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Off-site Emergency Plans
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Coordination with Authorities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Federal Response
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. State and Local Response
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Public Notification Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Alert and Notification Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Emergency Alert System
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Public Communication and Evacuation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Risk Communication
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Public Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Media Relations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Evacuation Planning
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Evacuation Time Estimates
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Transportation Resources
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Sheltering and Iodine Prophylaxis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Protective Action Guidelines
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Potassium Iodide Distribution

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Previous

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                3. Reactor Safety Design and Engineering

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Go to top

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Next

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                5. Nuclear Waste Management