Modern and Contemporary Architecture

  1. Early Modernism (1900-1920s)
    1. The Chicago School
      1. Urban Context and Development
        1. Great Chicago Fire of 1871
          1. Urban Growth and Reconstruction
            1. Commercial District Development
              1. Real Estate Economics
              2. Technological Innovations
                1. Steel-Frame Construction
                  1. Skeleton Frame System
                    1. Curtain Wall Development
                      1. Elevator Technology
                        1. Foundation Systems
                        2. Architectural Philosophy
                          1. Louis Sullivan's "Form Follows Function"
                            1. Organic Architecture Principles
                              1. Commercial Aesthetics
                                1. Height and Proportion
                                2. Key Architects and Works
                                  1. William Le Baron Jenney
                                    1. Home Insurance Building
                                      1. First Leiter Building
                                      2. Louis Sullivan
                                        1. Carson, Pirie, Scott Building
                                          1. Wainwright Building
                                            1. Guaranty Building
                                            2. Daniel Burnham
                                              1. Reliance Building
                                                1. Flatiron Building
                                                  1. City Beautiful Planning
                                                    1. 1893 World's Columbian Exposition
                                                2. European Pioneers
                                                  1. Vienna Secession
                                                    1. Artistic and Architectural Goals
                                                      1. Ver Sacrum Movement
                                                        1. Modern Art Promotion
                                                          1. Gesamtkunstwerk Ideal
                                                          2. Otto Wagner
                                                            1. Stadtbahn Stations
                                                              1. Postal Savings Bank
                                                                1. Modern Architecture Theory
                                                                2. Joseph Maria Olbrich
                                                                  1. Secession Building
                                                                    1. Darmstadt Artists' Colony
                                                                    2. Josef Hoffmann
                                                                      1. Palais Stoclet
                                                                        1. Wiener Werkstätte
                                                                      2. Adolf Loos and Anti-Ornament
                                                                        1. "Ornament and Crime" Essay
                                                                          1. Critique of Ornamentation
                                                                            1. Cultural Evolution Theory
                                                                              1. Minimalist Aesthetic
                                                                                1. Raumplan Concept
                                                                                  1. Spatial Organization
                                                                                    1. Level Variations
                                                                                      1. Functional Zoning
                                                                                      2. Key Works
                                                                                        1. Steiner House
                                                                                          1. Müller House
                                                                                        2. Dutch Rationalism
                                                                                          1. Hendrik Petrus Berlage
                                                                                            1. Amsterdam Stock Exchange
                                                                                              1. Structural Expression
                                                                                                1. Brick Architecture
                                                                                                  1. Urban Planning Theory
                                                                                                2. French Concrete Pioneers
                                                                                                  1. Auguste Perret
                                                                                                    1. Early Use of Reinforced Concrete
                                                                                                      1. Théâtre des Champs-Élysées
                                                                                                        1. 25 bis Rue Franklin
                                                                                                          1. Concrete Aesthetic Theory
                                                                                                      2. German Developments
                                                                                                        1. Deutscher Werkbund
                                                                                                          1. Formation and Goals
                                                                                                            1. Industrial Design Reform
                                                                                                              1. Quality and Standardization
                                                                                                              2. Standardization vs Artistic Expression Debate
                                                                                                                1. Hermann Muthesius Position
                                                                                                                  1. Henry van de Velde Position
                                                                                                                  2. Industrial Collaboration
                                                                                                                    1. Manufacturer Partnerships
                                                                                                                      1. Design Education
                                                                                                                      2. Key Figures and Projects
                                                                                                                        1. Peter Behrens
                                                                                                                          1. AEG Corporate Identity
                                                                                                                            1. AEG Turbine Factory
                                                                                                                              1. Industrial Design Integration
                                                                                                                              2. Walter Gropius
                                                                                                                                1. Fagus Factory
                                                                                                                                  1. Werkbund Exhibition Building
                                                                                                                              3. Expressionist Architecture
                                                                                                                                1. Philosophical Foundations
                                                                                                                                  1. Emotional and Symbolic Expression
                                                                                                                                    1. Anti-Rationalist Response
                                                                                                                                      1. Spiritual Architecture
                                                                                                                                      2. Material Experimentation
                                                                                                                                        1. Glass Architecture
                                                                                                                                          1. Concrete Plasticity
                                                                                                                                            1. Color and Light
                                                                                                                                            2. Key Figures and Works
                                                                                                                                              1. Bruno Taut
                                                                                                                                                1. Glass Pavilion
                                                                                                                                                  1. Alpine Architecture
                                                                                                                                                    1. Color in Architecture
                                                                                                                                                    2. Erich Mendelsohn
                                                                                                                                                      1. Einstein Tower
                                                                                                                                                        1. Dynamic Architecture
                                                                                                                                                          1. Sketching Method
                                                                                                                                                          2. Hans Poelzig
                                                                                                                                                            1. Großes Schauspielhaus
                                                                                                                                                              1. Water Tower Poznań
                                                                                                                                                        2. Frank Lloyd Wright's Prairie Period
                                                                                                                                                          1. Prairie School Movement
                                                                                                                                                            1. Midwestern Context
                                                                                                                                                              1. Horizontal Emphasis
                                                                                                                                                                1. Prairie Landscape Integration
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Regional Architecture
                                                                                                                                                                  2. Organic Architecture Philosophy
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Harmony with Nature
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Site-Specific Design
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Use of Natural Materials
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Structural Integration
                                                                                                                                                                          2. Spatial Innovations
                                                                                                                                                                            1. The "Open Plan"
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Spatial Fluidity
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Breaking Down Room Divisions
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Central Hearth Concept
                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Interior-Exterior Relationships
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Extended Eaves
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Ribbon Windows
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Terraces and Balconies
                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Key Works
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Robie House
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Unity Temple
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Larkin Administration Building
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Taliesin