International Marketing

  1. International Market Entry and Development Strategies
    1. Exporting
      1. Indirect Exporting
        1. Export Management Companies
          1. Export Trading Companies
            1. Piggyback Exporting
              1. Advantages and Disadvantages
              2. Direct Exporting
                1. Foreign Sales Representatives
                  1. Foreign Distributors
                    1. Foreign Sales Subsidiaries
                      1. Managing Export Operations
                        1. Export Documentation
                          1. Logistics Management
                            1. Customer Service
                          2. Export Intermediaries
                            1. Selection Criteria
                              1. Management and Control
                                1. Performance Evaluation
                              2. Contractual Agreements
                                1. Licensing
                                  1. Technology Licensing
                                    1. Trademark Licensing
                                      1. Structure of Licensing Agreements
                                        1. Licensing Terms
                                          1. Royalty Arrangements
                                            1. Territory Restrictions
                                            2. Advantages of Licensing
                                              1. Disadvantages and Risks
                                              2. Franchising
                                                1. Business Format Franchising
                                                  1. Product Franchising
                                                    1. Master Franchise Agreements
                                                      1. Area Development Agreements
                                                        1. Control and Support Systems
                                                          1. Training Programs
                                                            1. Marketing Support
                                                              1. Quality Control
                                                            2. Management Contracts
                                                              1. Service Contracts
                                                                1. Turnkey Operations
                                                                2. Contract Manufacturing
                                                                  1. Outsourcing Arrangements
                                                                    1. Quality Control Issues
                                                                  2. Strategic International Alliances
                                                                    1. Types of Strategic Alliances
                                                                      1. Joint Ventures
                                                                        1. Strategic Partnerships
                                                                          1. Consortiums
                                                                          2. Motivations for Alliances
                                                                            1. Market Access
                                                                              1. Resource Sharing
                                                                                1. Risk Reduction
                                                                                  1. Learning Opportunities
                                                                                  2. International Joint Ventures
                                                                                    1. Equity Joint Ventures
                                                                                      1. Contractual Joint Ventures
                                                                                        1. Structure and Governance
                                                                                          1. Ownership Arrangements
                                                                                            1. Management Control
                                                                                              1. Decision-Making Processes
                                                                                              2. Partner Selection
                                                                                                1. Performance Management
                                                                                                  1. Challenges and Risks
                                                                                                    1. Cultural Conflicts
                                                                                                      1. Control Issues
                                                                                                        1. Technology Transfer
                                                                                                    2. Foreign Direct Investment
                                                                                                      1. Reasons for FDI
                                                                                                        1. Market-Seeking FDI
                                                                                                          1. Resource-Seeking FDI
                                                                                                            1. Efficiency-Seeking FDI
                                                                                                              1. Strategic Asset-Seeking FDI
                                                                                                              2. Types of FDI
                                                                                                                1. Greenfield Investment
                                                                                                                  1. New Facility Development
                                                                                                                    1. Advantages and Challenges
                                                                                                                    2. Acquisition of Existing Firms
                                                                                                                      1. Merger and Acquisition Process
                                                                                                                        1. Integration Challenges
                                                                                                                        2. Brownfield Investment
                                                                                                                        3. Wholly Owned Subsidiaries
                                                                                                                          1. Establishment Process
                                                                                                                            1. Operational Control
                                                                                                                              1. Advantages and Disadvantages
                                                                                                                            2. Factors Influencing Entry Mode Choice
                                                                                                                              1. Internal Factors
                                                                                                                                1. Company Size and Resources
                                                                                                                                  1. International Experience
                                                                                                                                    1. Management Attitudes
                                                                                                                                      1. Product Characteristics
                                                                                                                                      2. External Factors
                                                                                                                                        1. Target Market Characteristics
                                                                                                                                          1. Market Size and Growth
                                                                                                                                            1. Competitive Environment
                                                                                                                                            2. Environmental Factors
                                                                                                                                              1. Political Risk
                                                                                                                                                1. Economic Conditions
                                                                                                                                                  1. Cultural Distance
                                                                                                                                                  2. Transaction-Specific Factors
                                                                                                                                                    1. Asset Specificity
                                                                                                                                                      1. Uncertainty
                                                                                                                                                        1. Frequency of Transactions

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                                                                                                                                                  5. Developing Global Products and Brands