International Marketing

  1. The Global Marketing Environment
    1. The Economic Environment
      1. Economic Systems
        1. Market Economies
          1. Characteristics
            1. Marketing Implications
            2. Command Economies
              1. Characteristics
                1. Marketing Implications
                2. Mixed Economies
                  1. Characteristics
                    1. Marketing Implications
                  2. Stages of Market Development
                    1. Low-Income Countries
                      1. Economic Features
                        1. Market Challenges
                          1. Marketing Opportunities
                          2. Lower-Middle-Income Countries
                            1. Economic Features
                              1. Market Opportunities
                                1. Consumer Characteristics
                                2. Upper-Middle-Income Countries
                                  1. Economic Features
                                    1. Market Opportunities
                                      1. Consumer Characteristics
                                      2. High-Income Countries
                                        1. Economic Features
                                          1. Market Opportunities
                                            1. Consumer Characteristics
                                          2. Economic Indicators
                                            1. Gross Domestic Product
                                              1. Calculation Methods
                                                1. Interpretation for Marketers
                                                  1. Limitations
                                                  2. Gross National Income
                                                    1. Calculation Methods
                                                      1. Interpretation for Marketers
                                                        1. Comparison with GDP
                                                        2. Per Capita Income
                                                          1. Relevance for Market Assessment
                                                            1. Limitations as Market Indicator
                                                            2. Income Distribution
                                                              1. Gini Coefficient
                                                                1. Marketing Implications
                                                                2. Purchasing Power Parity
                                                                  1. Concept and Calculation
                                                                    1. Cross-Country Comparisons
                                                                      1. Marketing Applications
                                                                    2. Balance of Payments
                                                                      1. Current Account
                                                                        1. Capital Account
                                                                          1. Financial Account
                                                                            1. Implications for Marketers
                                                                            2. Infrastructure and Marketing Implications
                                                                              1. Transportation Systems
                                                                                1. Road Networks
                                                                                  1. Rail Systems
                                                                                    1. Air Transport
                                                                                      1. Shipping Facilities
                                                                                      2. Communication Networks
                                                                                        1. Telecommunications
                                                                                          1. Internet Connectivity
                                                                                            1. Mobile Networks
                                                                                            2. Energy Supply
                                                                                              1. Electricity Infrastructure
                                                                                                1. Energy Reliability
                                                                                                2. Financial Infrastructure
                                                                                                  1. Banking Systems
                                                                                                    1. Payment Systems
                                                                                                      1. Credit Availability
                                                                                                  2. The Cultural Environment
                                                                                                    1. Defining Culture
                                                                                                      1. Characteristics of Culture
                                                                                                        1. Learned Behavior
                                                                                                          1. Shared Values
                                                                                                            1. Transmitted Across Generations
                                                                                                            2. Levels of Culture
                                                                                                              1. National Culture
                                                                                                                1. Regional Culture
                                                                                                                  1. Organizational Culture
                                                                                                                2. Elements of Culture
                                                                                                                  1. Values and Attitudes
                                                                                                                    1. Core Values
                                                                                                                      1. Cultural Attitudes
                                                                                                                        1. Value Systems
                                                                                                                        2. Beliefs and Superstitions
                                                                                                                          1. Religious Beliefs
                                                                                                                            1. Cultural Superstitions
                                                                                                                              1. Impact on Consumer Behavior
                                                                                                                              2. Aesthetics
                                                                                                                                1. Art and Design
                                                                                                                                  1. Music and Entertainment
                                                                                                                                    1. Folklore and Traditions
                                                                                                                                      1. Color Symbolism
                                                                                                                                      2. Language and Communication
                                                                                                                                        1. Verbal Communication
                                                                                                                                          1. Language Families
                                                                                                                                            1. Dialects and Variations
                                                                                                                                              1. Translation Issues
                                                                                                                                              2. Non-verbal Communication
                                                                                                                                                1. Body Language
                                                                                                                                                  1. Gestures
                                                                                                                                                    1. Personal Space
                                                                                                                                                      1. Time Concepts
                                                                                                                                                    2. Religion
                                                                                                                                                      1. Major World Religions
                                                                                                                                                        1. Christianity
                                                                                                                                                          1. Islam
                                                                                                                                                            1. Hinduism
                                                                                                                                                              1. Buddhism
                                                                                                                                                                1. Judaism
                                                                                                                                                                2. Influence on Consumption Patterns
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Religious Holidays and Observances
                                                                                                                                                                  2. Social Institutions
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Family Structure
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Nuclear Families
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Extended Families
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Family Roles
                                                                                                                                                                          2. Education Systems
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Literacy Rates
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Educational Values
                                                                                                                                                                              2. Government and Law
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Political Systems
                                                                                                                                                                              3. Material Culture
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Technology Adoption
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Physical Artifacts
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Infrastructure Development
                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Cultural Frameworks for Marketing
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Power Distance
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Individualism vs. Collectivism
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Masculinity vs. Femininity
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Uncertainty Avoidance
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Long-Term Orientation
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Indulgence vs. Restraint
                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Hall's Context Theory
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. High-Context Cultures
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Low-Context Cultures
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Communication Implications
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Marketing Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Trompenaars' Cultural Dimensions
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Universalism vs. Particularism
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Individualism vs. Communitarianism
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Specific vs. Diffuse
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Achievement vs. Ascription
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Sequential vs. Synchronic Time
                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Cultural Change and Marketing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Sources of Cultural Change
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Technology
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Economic Development
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Globalization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Migration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Adapting to Cultural Shifts
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Flexible Marketing Strategies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          3. Business Customs and Practices
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Negotiation Styles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Direct vs. Indirect Communication
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Relationship Building
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Decision-Making Processes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Gift Giving and Hospitality
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Cultural Protocols
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Business Entertainment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Time Orientation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Monochronic vs. Polychronic
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Punctuality Expectations

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Introduction to International Marketing

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    3. Global Market Research and Opportunity Analysis