Genetics and Heredity

  1. Chromosomes and Cell Division
    1. Chromosome Structure and Organization
      1. Chromatin Organization
        1. Euchromatin
          1. Heterochromatin
            1. Chromosome Condensation
            2. Chromosome Components
              1. Chromatids
                1. Centromeres
                  1. Kinetochores
                    1. Telomeres
                      1. Satellite DNA
                      2. Karyotypes
                        1. Chromosome Number
                          1. Chromosome Morphology
                            1. Banding Patterns
                            2. Types of Chromosomes
                              1. Autosomes
                                1. Sex Chromosomes
                                  1. Metacentric Chromosomes
                                    1. Submetacentric Chromosomes
                                      1. Acrocentric Chromosomes
                                        1. Telocentric Chromosomes
                                      2. The Cell Cycle
                                        1. Phases of the Cell Cycle
                                          1. Interphase
                                            1. G1 Phase
                                              1. S Phase
                                                1. G2 Phase
                                                  1. G0 Phase
                                                  2. M Phase
                                                    1. Mitosis
                                                      1. Cytokinesis
                                                    2. Cell Cycle Regulation
                                                      1. Checkpoints
                                                        1. G1/S Checkpoint
                                                          1. Intra-S Checkpoint
                                                            1. G2/M Checkpoint
                                                              1. Spindle Checkpoint
                                                              2. Cyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
                                                                1. Tumor Suppressor Genes
                                                                  1. Oncogenes
                                                                2. Mitosis
                                                                  1. Phases of Mitosis
                                                                    1. Prophase
                                                                      1. Chromosome Condensation
                                                                        1. Nuclear Envelope Breakdown
                                                                          1. Spindle Formation
                                                                          2. Prometaphase
                                                                            1. Kinetochore Assembly
                                                                              1. Chromosome Capture
                                                                              2. Metaphase
                                                                                1. Chromosome Alignment
                                                                                  1. Metaphase Plate
                                                                                  2. Anaphase
                                                                                    1. Anaphase A
                                                                                      1. Anaphase B
                                                                                        1. Sister Chromatid Separation
                                                                                        2. Telophase
                                                                                          1. Nuclear Envelope Reformation
                                                                                            1. Chromosome Decondensation
                                                                                          2. Cytokinesis
                                                                                            1. Animal Cells
                                                                                              1. Plant Cells
                                                                                              2. Significance of Mitosis
                                                                                                1. Growth
                                                                                                  1. Repair
                                                                                                    1. Asexual Reproduction
                                                                                                  2. Meiosis
                                                                                                    1. Overview of Meiosis
                                                                                                      1. Reduction Division
                                                                                                        1. Genetic Recombination
                                                                                                          1. Gamete Formation
                                                                                                          2. Meiosis I
                                                                                                            1. Prophase I
                                                                                                              1. Leptotene
                                                                                                                1. Zygotene
                                                                                                                  1. Pachytene
                                                                                                                    1. Diplotene
                                                                                                                      1. Diakinesis
                                                                                                                        1. Synapsis
                                                                                                                          1. Crossing Over
                                                                                                                          2. Metaphase I
                                                                                                                            1. Bivalent Alignment
                                                                                                                              1. Independent Assortment
                                                                                                                              2. Anaphase I
                                                                                                                                1. Homolog Separation
                                                                                                                                  1. Reduction in Chromosome Number
                                                                                                                                  2. Telophase I
                                                                                                                                    1. Nuclear Division
                                                                                                                                      1. Cytokinesis
                                                                                                                                    2. Meiosis II
                                                                                                                                      1. Prophase II
                                                                                                                                        1. Metaphase II
                                                                                                                                          1. Anaphase II
                                                                                                                                            1. Telophase II
                                                                                                                                            2. Crossing Over and Genetic Recombination
                                                                                                                                              1. Molecular Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                1. Chiasmata Formation
                                                                                                                                                  1. Recombination Frequency
                                                                                                                                                  2. Comparison of Mitosis and Meiosis
                                                                                                                                                    1. Purpose
                                                                                                                                                      1. Number of Divisions
                                                                                                                                                        1. Genetic Variation
                                                                                                                                                          1. Chromosome Number

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                                                                                                                                                      3. The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

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                                                                                                                                                      5. Extensions and Variations of Mendelian Inheritance