Genetics and Heredity

  1. Human Genetics and Genetic Disorders
    1. Human Genome Organization
      1. Chromosome Number and Structure
        1. Gene Number and Distribution
          1. Repetitive DNA Elements
            1. Mitochondrial Genome
            2. Patterns of Human Inheritance
              1. Autosomal Inheritance
                1. Autosomal Dominant
                  1. Autosomal Recessive
                  2. Sex-Linked Inheritance
                    1. X-Linked Recessive
                      1. X-Linked Dominant
                        1. Y-Linked
                        2. Mitochondrial Inheritance
                          1. Maternal Inheritance
                            1. Heteroplasmy
                          2. Autosomal Disorders
                            1. Autosomal Recessive Disorders
                              1. Cystic Fibrosis
                                1. Sickle Cell Anemia
                                  1. Tay-Sachs Disease
                                    1. Phenylketonuria
                                      1. Inheritance Patterns
                                        1. Carrier Frequency
                                        2. Autosomal Dominant Disorders
                                          1. Huntington's Disease
                                            1. Marfan Syndrome
                                              1. Achondroplasia
                                                1. Inheritance Patterns
                                                  1. Age of Onset
                                                    1. Penetrance and Expressivity
                                                  2. Sex-Linked Disorders
                                                    1. X-Linked Recessive Disorders
                                                      1. Hemophilia
                                                        1. Color Blindness
                                                          1. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
                                                            1. Inheritance Patterns
                                                            2. X-Linked Dominant Disorders
                                                              1. Rett Syndrome
                                                                1. Incontinentia Pigmenti
                                                                2. Y-Linked Disorders
                                                                  1. Male Infertility
                                                                3. Chromosomal Abnormalities
                                                                  1. Numerical Abnormalities
                                                                    1. Autosomal Trisomies
                                                                      1. Down Syndrome
                                                                        1. Edwards Syndrome
                                                                          1. Patau Syndrome
                                                                          2. Sex Chromosome Aneuploids
                                                                            1. Turner Syndrome
                                                                              1. Klinefelter Syndrome
                                                                                1. XYY Syndrome
                                                                                  1. Triple X Syndrome
                                                                                2. Structural Abnormalities
                                                                                  1. Deletions
                                                                                    1. Cri-du-Chat Syndrome
                                                                                      1. DiGeorge Syndrome
                                                                                      2. Duplications
                                                                                        1. Inversions
                                                                                          1. Translocations
                                                                                            1. Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
                                                                                          2. Nondisjunction
                                                                                            1. Meiotic Nondisjunction
                                                                                              1. Mitotic Nondisjunction
                                                                                                1. Maternal Age Effect
                                                                                              2. Genetic Counseling and Testing
                                                                                                1. Genetic Counseling Process
                                                                                                  1. Risk Assessment
                                                                                                    1. Family History Analysis
                                                                                                      1. Pedigree Construction
                                                                                                      2. Types of Genetic Testing
                                                                                                        1. Diagnostic Testing
                                                                                                          1. Predictive Testing
                                                                                                            1. Carrier Testing
                                                                                                              1. Prenatal Testing
                                                                                                                1. Amniocentesis
                                                                                                                  1. Chorionic Villus Sampling
                                                                                                                    1. Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing
                                                                                                                    2. Newborn Screening
                                                                                                                      1. Pharmacogenetic Testing
                                                                                                                      2. Ethical Considerations
                                                                                                                        1. Privacy and Confidentiality
                                                                                                                          1. Genetic Discrimination
                                                                                                                            1. Psychological Impact

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                                                                                                                        12. Genetics Technology and Applications