Genetics and Heredity

2.

Mendelian Genetics: The Principles of Inheritance

2.1.

Mendel's Experimental Approach

2.1.1.

Choice of the Pea Plant

2.1.1.1.

Advantages of Pisum sativum

2.1.1.2.

Observable Traits

2.1.1.3.

Ease of Cultivation

2.1.2.

Experimental Design and Methodology

2.1.2.1.

Controlled Crosses

2.1.2.2.

True-Breeding Lines

2.1.2.3.

Statistical Analysis

2.1.3.

Traits Studied by Mendel

2.1.3.1.

2.1.3.2.

2.1.3.3.

2.1.3.4.

2.1.3.5.

2.1.3.6.

Flower Position

2.1.3.7.

2.2.

Types of Crosses

2.2.1.

Monohybrid Crosses

2.2.1.1.

Single Trait Inheritance

2.2.1.2.

2.2.1.3.

2.2.1.4.

2.2.1.5.

Phenotypic Ratios

2.2.1.6.

Genotypic Ratios

2.2.2.

Dihybrid Crosses

2.2.2.1.

Two Trait Inheritance

2.2.2.2.

Independent Assortment

2.2.2.3.

2.2.3.

2.2.3.1.

Purpose and Method

2.2.3.2.

Determining Unknown Genotypes

2.2.3.3.

Interpreting Results

2.3.

Mendel's Laws of Inheritance

2.3.1.

The Law of Segregation

2.3.1.1.

Separation of Alleles

2.3.1.2.

Application to Gamete Formation

2.3.1.3.

Molecular Basis

2.3.2.

The Law of Independent Assortment

2.3.2.1.

Inheritance of Multiple Traits

2.3.2.2.

Chromosomal Basis

2.3.2.3.

Exceptions to the Law

2.3.3.

The Law of Dominance

2.3.3.1.

Dominant Alleles

2.3.3.2.

Recessive Alleles

2.3.3.3.

Molecular Mechanisms

2.4.

Tools for Predicting Inheritance

2.4.1.

The Punnett Square

2.4.1.1.

Constructing Monohybrid Squares

2.4.1.2.

Constructing Dihybrid Squares

2.4.1.3.

Predicting Genotypic Ratios

2.4.1.4.

Predicting Phenotypic Ratios

2.4.2.

Probability Rules

2.4.2.1.

2.4.2.2.

2.4.2.3.

Applications to Genetics

2.4.3.

Pedigree Analysis

2.4.3.1.

Symbols and Conventions

2.4.3.2.

Analyzing Patterns of Inheritance

2.4.3.3.

Autosomal Dominant Patterns

2.4.3.4.

Autosomal Recessive Patterns

2.4.3.5.

Sex-Linked Patterns

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1. Introduction to Genetics and Heredity

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3. The Molecular Basis of Inheritance