Wildlife Ecology and Conservation

  1. Community Ecology and Species Interactions
    1. Types of Species Interactions
      1. Competition
        1. Interspecific Competition
          1. Intraspecific Competition
            1. Competitive Exclusion Principle
              1. Coexistence Mechanisms
              2. Predation
                1. Predator-Prey Dynamics
                  1. Functional Responses
                    1. Numerical Responses
                      1. Predation Effects on Communities
                      2. Herbivory
                        1. Plant-Herbivore Interactions
                          1. Plant Defense Mechanisms
                            1. Herbivore Adaptations
                              1. Grazing Effects on Vegetation
                              2. Parasitism and Disease
                                1. Parasite Types and Life Cycles
                                  1. Host-Parasite Dynamics
                                    1. Disease Transmission Patterns
                                      1. Parasitism Effects on Host Populations
                                      2. Mutualistic Interactions
                                        1. Obligate Mutualism
                                          1. Facultative Mutualism
                                            1. Pollination Mutualisms
                                              1. Seed Dispersal Mutualisms
                                              2. Commensalism
                                                1. Commensal Relationships
                                                  1. Phoresy and Inquilinism
                                                2. Community Structure and Organization
                                                  1. Species Diversity Measures
                                                    1. Species Richness
                                                      1. Species Evenness
                                                        1. Diversity Indices
                                                        2. Community Composition
                                                          1. Dominant Species
                                                            1. Rare Species
                                                              1. Endemic Species
                                                              2. Functional Groups
                                                                1. Trophic Groups
                                                                  1. Guild Structure
                                                                    1. Functional Diversity
                                                                    2. Keystone Species
                                                                      1. Keystone Predators
                                                                        1. Ecosystem Engineers
                                                                          1. Foundation Species
                                                                          2. Indicator Species
                                                                            1. Environmental Indicators
                                                                              1. Umbrella Species
                                                                                1. Flagship Species
                                                                              2. Community Dynamics
                                                                                1. Ecological Succession
                                                                                  1. Primary Succession
                                                                                    1. Secondary Succession
                                                                                      1. Succession Mechanisms
                                                                                      2. Disturbance Ecology
                                                                                        1. Natural Disturbances
                                                                                          1. Anthropogenic Disturbances
                                                                                            1. Disturbance Regimes
                                                                                            2. Community Assembly
                                                                                              1. Colonization Processes
                                                                                                1. Species Sorting
                                                                                                  1. Priority Effects
                                                                                                  2. Stability and Resilience
                                                                                                    1. Community Stability
                                                                                                      1. Resistance to Change
                                                                                                        1. Recovery from Disturbance
                                                                                                      2. Trophic Relationships
                                                                                                        1. Food Web Structure
                                                                                                          1. Web Complexity
                                                                                                            1. Connectance
                                                                                                              1. Food Chain Length
                                                                                                              2. Trophic Cascades
                                                                                                                1. Top-Down Effects
                                                                                                                  1. Bottom-Up Effects
                                                                                                                    1. Indirect Effects
                                                                                                                    2. Energy Transfer Efficiency
                                                                                                                      1. Trophic Transfer Efficiency
                                                                                                                        1. Production Efficiency
                                                                                                                          1. Assimilation Efficiency

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                                                                                                                      5. Habitat Ecology and Requirements

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                                                                                                                      7. Major Threats to Wildlife and Biodiversity