Wildlife Ecology and Conservation

12.

Emerging Issues and Future Directions

12.1.

Conservation Genetics and Genomics

12.1.1.

Genetic Diversity Assessment

12.1.1.1.

Population Genetic Structure

12.1.1.2.

Inbreeding and Genetic Drift

12.1.1.3.

Gene Flow Patterns

12.1.2.

Genomic Tools in Conservation

12.1.2.1.

Whole Genome Sequencing

12.1.2.2.

Environmental DNA

12.1.2.3.

Genomic Selection

12.1.3.

Genetic Management Applications

12.1.3.1.

12.1.3.2.

Assisted Gene Flow

12.1.3.3.

Genetic Monitoring

12.1.4.

Conservation Breeding Applications

12.1.4.1.

Pedigree Management

12.1.4.2.

Genetic Diversity Maintenance

12.1.4.3.

Adaptation to Captivity

12.2.

Disease Ecology and Wildlife Health

12.2.1.

Emerging Infectious Diseases

12.2.1.1.

Pathogen Emergence Factors

12.2.1.2.

Cross-Species Transmission

12.2.1.3.

Pandemic Potential

12.2.2.

Wildlife Disease Surveillance

12.2.2.1.

Monitoring Systems

12.2.2.2.

Diagnostic Techniques

12.2.2.3.

Early Warning Systems

12.2.3.

Disease Management Strategies

12.2.3.1.

Vaccination Programs

12.2.3.2.

Population Management

12.2.3.3.

Habitat Modification

12.2.3.4.

Quarantine Measures

12.2.4.

One Health Approaches

12.2.4.1.

Human-Animal-Environment Interface

12.2.4.2.

Interdisciplinary Collaboration

12.2.4.3.

Integrated Surveillance

12.3.

Urban Wildlife Ecology

12.3.1.

Urban Habitat Characteristics

12.3.1.1.

Habitat Fragmentation

12.3.1.2.

Novel Ecosystems

12.3.1.3.

Resource Availability

12.3.2.

Urban Wildlife Adaptations

12.3.2.1.

Behavioral Adaptations

12.3.2.2.

Physiological Adaptations

12.3.2.3.

Life History Changes

12.3.3.

Human-Wildlife Interactions in Cities

12.3.3.1.

Conflict Types and Patterns

12.3.3.2.

Public Attitudes

12.3.3.3.

Management Challenges

12.3.4.

Urban Conservation Strategies

12.3.4.1.

Green Infrastructure

12.3.4.2.

Wildlife Corridors

12.3.4.3.

Habitat Creation

12.3.4.4.

Community Engagement

12.4.

Technology Applications in Conservation

12.4.1.

Remote Sensing Technologies

12.4.1.1.

Satellite Monitoring

12.4.1.2.

Drone Applications

12.4.1.3.

LiDAR Technology

12.4.2.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

12.4.2.1.

Species Identification

12.4.2.2.

Behavior Analysis

12.4.2.3.

Predictive Modeling

12.4.3.

Citizen Science Platforms

12.4.3.1.

Data Collection Apps

12.4.3.2.

Crowdsourcing Platforms

12.4.3.3.

Data Quality Assurance

12.4.3.4.

Public Engagement

12.4.4.

Biotechnology Applications

12.4.4.1.

Genetic Engineering

12.4.4.2.

Synthetic Biology

12.4.4.3.

Reproductive Technologies

12.5.

Climate Change and Conservation

12.5.1.

Climate Impact Assessment

12.5.1.1.

Vulnerability Analysis

12.5.1.2.

Species Distribution Modeling

12.5.1.3.

Ecosystem Vulnerability

12.5.2.

Adaptation Strategies

12.5.2.1.

Assisted Migration

12.5.2.2.

Climate Refugia Protection

12.5.2.3.

Habitat Connectivity

12.5.2.4.

Adaptive Management

12.5.3.

Mitigation Through Conservation

12.5.3.1.

Carbon Sequestration

12.5.3.2.

Ecosystem-Based Adaptation

12.5.3.3.

Nature-Based Solutions

12.6.

Conservation Philosophy and Ethics

12.6.1.

Rewilding Concepts

12.6.1.1.

Trophic Rewilding

12.6.1.2.

Pleistocene Rewilding

12.6.1.3.

Passive Rewilding

12.6.1.4.

Social and Ethical Considerations

12.6.2.

Novel Ecosystems

12.6.2.1.

Definition and Characteristics

12.6.2.2.

Management Implications

12.6.2.3.

Conservation Value

12.6.3.

Conservation in the Anthropocene

12.6.3.1.

Human-Dominated Landscapes

12.6.3.2.

Reconciliation Ecology

12.6.3.3.

Hybrid Conservation Approaches

12.6.4.

Future Conservation Paradigms

12.6.4.1.

Transformative Conservation

12.6.4.2.

Convivial Conservation

12.6.4.3.

Post-Natural Conservation

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11. Wildlife Policy and Legal Frameworks

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1. Introduction to Wildlife Ecology and Conservation