Surveying and Geomatics

  1. Distance Measurement and Linear Surveying
    1. Pacing and Estimation
      1. Pace Calibration
        1. Accuracy Limitations
          1. Field Applications
          2. Taping and Chaining
            1. Types of Tapes
              1. Steel Tapes
                1. Fiberglass Tapes
                  1. Invar Tapes
                  2. Tape Standardization
                    1. Care and Maintenance
                      1. Field Procedures
                        1. Horizontal Taping
                          1. Slope Taping
                            1. Breaking Tape
                            2. Taping Corrections
                              1. Temperature Correction
                                1. Tension Correction
                                  1. Sag Correction
                                    1. Slope Correction
                                      1. Standardization Correction
                                      2. Precision and Accuracy
                                      3. Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM)
                                        1. Principles of EDM
                                          1. Phase Comparison
                                            1. Time-of-Flight
                                              1. Frequency Modulation
                                              2. Types of EDM Instruments
                                                1. Microwave EDM
                                                  1. Infrared EDM
                                                    1. Laser EDM
                                                    2. EDM Corrections
                                                      1. Atmospheric Corrections
                                                        1. Instrument Constants
                                                          1. Prism Constants
                                                          2. Calibration Procedures
                                                            1. Field Procedures
                                                            2. Optical Distance Measurement
                                                              1. Stadia Method
                                                                1. Stadia Principles
                                                                  1. Stadia Constants
                                                                    1. Inclined Sights
                                                                    2. Subtense Bar Method
                                                                      1. Rangefinder Applications

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                                                                    3. Theory of Errors and Measurement Adjustment

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                                                                    5. Leveling and Vertical Control